一、冷备份
数据库在关闭状态下完成所有物理系统文件拷贝的过程,也称脱机备份
适合于非归档模式下,数据库处于一致性状态
二、步骤
首先在运行的库中得到数据库运行的所有的物理文件位置,然后在计划内关闭数据库(shutdown)
再执行拷贝物理文家到备份路径或备份设备
备份完成后立即启动数据库让其提供正常的服务
三、冷备脚本的写法
首先应该在相关视图里查出数据库的数据文件,日志文件,控制文件,临时文件所在的位置
注意:不要直接把oradata下的cp就行了,因为生产库里各个文件通常分布在不同的磁盘,不同的地方,所以在去视图里获得真实路径
--查看实例和数据库的相关信息
SQL> select instance_name,version,status,archiver,database_status from v$instance;
INSTANCE_NAME VERSION STATUS ARCHIVE DATABASE_STATUS
---------------- ----------------- ------------ ------- -----------------
orcl 10.2.0.1.0 OPEN STOPPED ACTIVE
SQL> select dbid,name,log_mode from v$database;
DBID NAME LOG_MODE
---------- --------- ------------
1242732291 ORCL NOARCHIVELOG
--查看数据文件及状态信息
SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name,status,online_status from dba_data_files;
FILE_NAME TABLESPACE STATUS ONLINE_
------------------------------------------------------- ---------- --------- -------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf UNDOTBS1 AVAILABLE ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf SYSTEM AVAILABLE SYSTEM
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf SYSAUX AVAILABLE ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf USERS AVAILABLE ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf EXAMPLE AVAILABLE ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs1_1.dbf TBS1 AVAILABLE ONLINE
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs1_2.dbf TBS1 AVAILABLE ONLINE
--查看数据文件
SQL> select name from v$datafile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/system01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/undotbs01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/sysaux01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/users01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/example01.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs1_1.dbf
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/tbs1_2.dbf
--查看临时文件
SQL> select name from v$tempfile;
NAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/temp01.dbf
--查看日志文件
SQL> select member from v$logfile;
MEMBER
------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo2a.rdo
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo2b.rdo
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo1a.rdo
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo3a.rdo
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo3b.rdo
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/redo1b.rdo
--查看控制文件
SQL> select name from v$controlfile;
NAME
------------------------------------------------------------
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control01.ctl
/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/control02.ctl
查看本栏目更多精彩内容:http://www.bianceng.cnhttp://www.bianceng.cn/database/Oracle/