一、什么是puppet？
1、基于ruby语言开发的系统配置集中管理工具，跨平台
2、一个C/S架构，配置服务端和客户端
puppet依赖于ruby与facter，安装puppet3.x，需要ruby1.8.7版本及以上；facter是一个系统盘点工具，收集主机的一些资料，比如OS、IP、CPU等
3、puppet是一个C/S结构，开源软件，基于Ruby的系统配置管理工具，安装puppet3.x，需要ruby1.8.7版本及以上
4、默认情况下，客户端每隔30分钟连接一次puppet服务端
5、能管理多达40种资源，例如：file、user、cron、package、yum等，适合整个软件的生命周期管理
二、环境介绍
1、拓扑图
2、下载
操作系统RHEL6.3 x64
facter下载: https://downloads.puppetlabs.com/facter/
puppet下载: https://downloads.puppetlabs.com/puppet/
3、puppetmaster与puppetclient可以相互解析
vi /etc/hosts
192.168.0.200 puppetmaster.com
192.168.0.201 puppetclient1.com
4、puppet服务端与客户端时间同步
yum install ntp -y
service ntpd start
ntpdate pool.ntp.org #同步时间
clock -w #将时间写入硬件
chkconfig ntpd on
三、安装服务端puppet
1、安装ruby环境
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[root@puppetmaster ~]# yum install -y ruby ruby-libs ruby-shadow
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2、安装facter
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[root@puppetmaster ~]# tar zxvf facter-1.7.3.tar.gz
[root@puppetclient1 ~]# cd facter-1.7.3
[root@puppetmaster facter-1.7.3]# ruby install.rb
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3、安装配置puppet
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[root@puppetmaster puppet-3.3.1]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin puppet
[root@puppetmaster ~]# tar zxvf puppet-3.3.1.tar.gz
[root@puppetclient1 ~]# cd puppet-3.3.1
[root@puppetclient1 puppet-3.3.1]# ruby install.rb
[root@puppetmaster puppet-3.3.1]# cp ext/redhat/puppet.conf /etc/puppet/
[root@puppetmaster puppet-3.3.1]# cp ext/redhat/server.init /etc/init.d/puppetmaster
[root@puppetmaster puppet-3.3.1]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/puppetmaster
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[root@puppetmaster ~]# vi /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
[main] #在main里面添加puppet服务端主机名
server = puppetmaster.com
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[root@puppetmaster puppet-3.3.1]# chkconfig --add puppetmaster
[root@puppetmaster puppet-3.3.1]# chkconfig puppetmaster on
[root@puppetmaster puppet-3.3.1]# service puppetmaster start
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四、安装客户端puppet agent
1、安装ruby环境
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[root@puppetclient1 ~]# yum install -y ruby ruby-libs ruby-shadow
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2、安装facter
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[root@puppetclient1 ~]# tar zxvf facter-1.7.3.tar.gz
[root@puppetclient1 ~]# cd facter-1.7.3
[root@puppetclient1 facter-1.7.3]# ruby install.rb
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3、安装配置puppet
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[root@puppetclient1 puppet-3.3.1]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin puppet
[root@puppetclient1 ~]# tar zxvf puppet-3.3.1.tar.gz
[root@puppetclient1 puppet-3.3.1]# ruby install.rb
[root@puppetclient1 puppet-3.3.1]# cp ext/redhat/puppet.conf /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
[root@puppetclient1 puppet-3.3.1]# cp ext/redhat/client.init /etc/init.d/puppet
[root@puppetclient1 puppet-3.3.1]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/puppet
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[root@puppetclient1 ~]# vi /etc/puppet/puppet.conf
[main] #在main里面添加puppet服务端主机名
server = puppetmaster.com
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[root@puppetclient1 puppet-3.3.1]# chkconfig --add puppet
[root@puppetclient1 puppet-3.3.1]# chkconfig puppet on
[root@puppetclient1 puppet-3.3.1]# service puppet start
[root@puppetclient1 puppet-3.3.1]# netstat -tupln | grep 8140
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五、配置签名证书
1、客户端创建证书注册请求
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[root@puppetclient1 ~]# puppet agent --test
Info: Creating a new SSL key for puppetclient1.com
Info: Caching certificate for ca
Info: Creating a new SSL certificate request for puppetclient1.com
Info: Certificate Request fingerprint (SHA256): 7E:10:48:3F:3C:D4:13:BA:BF:66:ED:86:52:92:19:05:1E:D2:3A:CD:06:67:27:80:60:D6:54:66:0E:33:F7:C7
Exiting; no certificate found and waitforcert is disabled
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2、服务端查看证书注册请求
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[root@puppetmaster ~]# puppet cert list #加--all查看所有
"puppetclient1.com" (SHA256) 7E:10:48:3F:3C:D4:13:BA:BF:66:ED:86:52:92:19:05:1E:D2:3A:CD:06:67:27:80:60:D6:54:66:0E:33:F7:C7
"puppetclient1.com.com" (SHA256) 46:B6:95:A6:1B:6A:FD:83:E4:1C:72:D4:5C:3C:B5:EF:3D:F7:43:2C:09:CF:00:B8:44:18:E4:3E:B3:DC:6F:FD
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3、服务端受理客户端证书注册请求
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[root@puppetmaster ~]# puppet cert sign puppetclient1.com #主机名改为--all，是受理所有
Notice: Signed certificate request for puppetclient1.com
Notice: Removing file Puppet::SSL::CertificateRequest puppetclient1.com at '/var/lib/puppet/ssl/ca/requests/puppetclient1.com.pem'
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4、客户端确认是否证书注册成功
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[root@puppetclient1 ~]# puppet agent --test
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如果出现以下报错，则在客户端puppet.conf配置文件[main]里面添加pluginsync=false，再重启！
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Error: /File[/var/lib/puppet/lib]: Could not evaluate: Could not retrieve information from environment production source(s) puppet://puppetmaster.com/plugins
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5、想清除证书使用
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[root@puppetmaster ~]# puppet cert clean puppetclient1.com
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六、简单测试
1、服务端编写配置
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[root@puppetmaster ~]# vi /etc/puppet/manifests/site.pp #修改后立即，无需重启
node 'puppetclient1.com' { #指定某台，也可以不写为所有
file { "/tmp/test.txt":
content=> "hello,puppet test\n";
#source=> "puppet://$puppetserver/files/httpd.conf"
#也可以这样分发一个配置文件
}
}
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注：file是一个资源管理关键字，用来管理文件的，还有package软件包管理，service管理系统服务，exec执行shell命令，/tmp/test.txt是创建文件名字，content定义文件内容
2、客户端默认30分钟与服务端同步配置文件，所以我们手动执行，也可以修改puppet.conf更改默认时间，添加runinterval=600，设置为10分钟同步一次
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[root@puppetclient1 ~]# puppet agent --test
[root@puppetclient1 ~]# ls /tmp/
test.txt
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至此，Puppet系统安装配置完成！
时间： 2024-08-30 21:43:01
