这个简单的web服务器包含三个类
- HttpServer
- Request
- Response
在应用程序的入口点,也就是静态main函数中,创建一个HttpServer实例,然后调用其await()方法。顾名思义,await方法会在制定的端口上等待http请求,并对其进行处理,然后发送相应的消息回客户端。在接收到命令之前,它会一直保持等待的状态。
- HttpServer类
package simpleHttpServer;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
public class HttpServer {
public static final String WEB_ROOT = System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator
+ "webroot";
private static final String SHUTDOWN_COMMAND = "/SHUTDOWN";
private boolean shudown = false;
public static void main(String[] args){
HttpServer server = new HttpServer();
server.await();
}
public void await(){
ServerSocket serverSocket = null;
int port = 8080;
try{
serverSocket = new ServerSocket(port,1,InetAddress.getByName("127.0.0.1"));
}
catch (IOException e){
e.printStackTrace();
System.exit(1);
}
while(!this.shudown){
Socket socket = null;
InputStream input = null;
OutputStream output = null;
try{
socket = serverSocket.accept();
input = socket.getInputStream();
output = socket.getOutputStream();
Request request = new Request(input);
request.parse();
Response response = new Response(output);
response.setRequest(request);
response.sendStaticResource();
socket.close();
this.shudown = request.getUri().equals(SHUTDOWN_COMMAND);
}
catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
continue;
}
}
}
}
这个简单的web服务器,可以处理指定目录中的静态资源请求;用WEB_ROOT表示制定的目录
public static final String WEB_ROOT = System.getProperty("user.dir") + File.separator + "webroot";
这里是指当前目录下的webroot文件夹下面的资源。
我们通过在游览器中输入这样的内容,进行资源的请求:
http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.html
- Request类
Request类表示一个Http请求,可以传递InputStream对象来创建Request对象,调用InputStream对象的read进行Http请求数据的读取。
package simpleHttpServer;
import java.io.InputStream;
public class Request {
private InputStream input;
private String uri;
public Request(InputStream input){
this.input = input;
}
public void parse(){
StringBuffer request = new StringBuffer(2048);
int i;
byte[] buffer = new byte[2048];
try{
i = input.read(buffer);
}
catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
i = -1;
}
for(int j=0;j<i;j++){
request.append((char)buffer[j]);
}
System.out.print(request.toString());
this.uri = this.parseUri(request.toString());
}
private String parseUri(String requestString){
int index1,index2;
index1 = requestString.indexOf(' ');
if(index1 != -1){
index2 = requestString.indexOf(' ', index1 + 1);
if(index2 > index1){
return requestString.substring(index1 + 1,index2 );
}
}
return null;
}
public String getUri(){
return this.uri;
}
}
Request类最重要的两个函数是parse和ParseUri;parse()方法会调用私有方法parseUri来解析HTTP请求的uri,初次之外,并没有做太多的工作。parseuri会将解析的URI存储在变量uri中。
我们以 http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.html 请求为例,HTTP请求的请求行为
GET /index.html HTTP/1.1
parse()方法从传入的Request对象的InputStream对象中读取整个字节流,并且将字节数组存入缓冲区。然后用缓存区的数组初始化StringBuffer对象request。 这样再解析StringBuffer就可以解析到Uri。
*Response类
Response类表示Http相应。其定义如下
package simpleHttpServer;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
public class Response {
private static final int BUFFER_SIZE = 1024;
private Request request;
private OutputStream output;
public Response(OutputStream output){
this.output = output;
}
public void setRequest(Request request){
this.request = request;
}
public void sendStaticResource()throws IOException{
byte[] bytes = new byte[BUFFER_SIZE];
FileInputStream fis = null;
try{
File file = new File(HttpServer.WEB_ROOT,request.getUri());
if(file.exists()){
fis = new FileInputStream(file);
int ch = fis.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
while(ch != -1){
output.write(bytes, 0, ch);
ch = fis.read(bytes, 0, BUFFER_SIZE);
}
}
else{
String errorMessage = "HTTP/1.1 404 File Not Found\r\n" +
"Content-Type: text/html\r\n" +
"Content-Length:23\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"<h1>File Not Found</h1>";
output.write(errorMessage.getBytes());
}
}
catch (Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
finally{
if(fis != null){
fis.close();
}
}
}
}
使用OutputStream和Request来初始化Reponse,Response比较简单,得到Request的Uri,然后读取对应的file,如果file存在,则将file中的数据读取到缓存中,并且发送给游览器;如果file不存在,那么就发送
"HTTP/1.1 404 File Not Found\r\n" +
"Content-Type: text/html\r\n" +
"Content-Length:23\r\n" +
"\r\n" +
"<h1>File Not Found</h1>";
错误信息给游览器。
我们在eclipse中将代码跑起来,在游览器中输入
http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.html
http://127.0.0.1:8080/index.php
一个简单的额web服务器就跑起来了!