###############centOS下mongodb的安装#########
mongodb作为非关系型数据库NoSQL数据库的一种，并且是属于免安装类型。
mongodb安装说明：32的安装db空间有限，最大支持2G多，并且性能低于64bit。64bit系统db存储没有限制！
mongodb安装需要磁盘大小为15G以上，如果只是测试可以使用--smallfiles参数最小安装！
1：准备安装包：
可以到官网下载：https://www.mongodb.org/
包括各种：dbservers / drivers / docs
2：我准备的安装包[mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3.gz]：
[root@localhost install-files]# ll total 115412 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 40231021 Oct 17 11:45 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3.gz -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18596528 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3392620 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 55950588 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
3：免安装，解压即可使用：
[root@localhost install-files]# tar zxvf mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3.gz
mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/README mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/GNU-AGPL-3.0 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongodump mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongorestore mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongoexport mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongoimport mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongostat mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongotop mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/bsondump mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongofiles mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongooplog mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongoperf mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongod mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongos mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin/mongo
4：查看免安装目录下的文件结构：
[root@localhost install-files]# ll total 115412 drwxr-xr-x. 3 root root 74 Oct 17 11:46 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3 -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 40231021 Oct 17 11:45 mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3.gz -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 18596528 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-client-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3392620 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-devel-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 55950588 Oct 12 22:42 MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.el6.x86_64.rpm
[root@localhost install-files]# cd mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3 [root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# ll total 68 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 17 11:47 bin -rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 34520 May 12 05:35 GNU-AGPL-3.0 -rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 1359 May 12 05:35 README -rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 22660 May 12 05:35 THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# cd bin/ [root@localhost bin]# ll total 116340 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 4305912 May 12 05:35 bsondump -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 11694552 May 12 05:43 mongo -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 22349960 May 12 05:43 mongod -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 6199144 May 12 05:35 mongodump -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 6001840 May 12 05:35 mongoexport -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 5956232 May 12 05:35 mongofiles -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 6211952 May 12 05:35 mongoimport -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 5686856 May 12 05:35 mongooplog -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 22129448 May 12 05:43 mongoperf -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 6332464 May 12 05:35 mongorestore -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 10552760 May 12 05:43 mongos -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 5909928 May 12 05:35 mongostat -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 5769944 May 12 05:35 mongotop
解压即可使用!
注：参数最后备注附件：
5：mongod为启动mongodb,可以直接./mongod,默认启动需要配置db的路径为/data/db,没有路径则失败,请手动创建!
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod 2015-10-17T11:52:52.338+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] exception in initAndListen: 29 Data directory /data/db not found., terminating 2015-10-17T11:52:52.338+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] dbexit: rc: 100
[root@localhost bin]# mkdir /data [root@localhost bin]# mkdir /data/db
安装留足空间最小大概15G空间,不然报错:Error:Insufficient free space for journal files
解决:注可以使用--smallfiles参数最小安装
默认：启动mongodb：
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod --smallfiles
或
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod
非最小安装启动：
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod 2015-10-17T12:03:34.488+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] ……………… 2015-10-17T12:03:41.407+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017
6：查看默认安装文件结构：
[root@localhost bin]# cd /data/db/ [root@localhost db]# ll total 81932 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 17 Oct 17 12:03 journal -rw-------. 1 root root 67108864 Oct 17 12:03 local.0 -rw-------. 1 root root 16777216 Oct 17 12:03 local.ns -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5 Oct 17 12:03 mongod.lock -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 69 Oct 17 11:59 storage.bson
7：默认关闭关闭mongodb：
[root@localhost bin]# pwd /home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin [root@localhost bin]# ./mongod --shutdown killing process with pid: 2107
注：默认安装缺点：数据库目录不能指定，log日志不能保存查看.
8：自定义配置文件安装mongodb：
查看mongodb的启动参数:
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod --help 或 [root@localhost bin]# ./mongod --help | more
-f 参数 使用配置文件控制mongodb的启动：
操作：在mongodb免安装目录下创建/conf/mongodb.conf来配置启动参数：
[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# pwd /home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3 [root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# mkdir conf [root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# ll total 68 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 17 12:27 bin drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 25 Oct 17 12:25 conf -rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 34520 May 12 05:35 GNU-AGPL-3.0 -rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 1359 May 12 05:35 README -rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 22660 May 12 05:35 THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES [root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# cd conf/ [root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# vim mongodb.conf [root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# cat mongodb.conf
配置文件信息：
#日志路径 logpath=../log/mongodb.log #启动日志不追加,太过庞大 logappend=false #设置mongodb的db路径 dbpath=/home/mongodb/data/db #后台驻留(守护)进程服务运行 fork=true
注：日志路径和mongodb的路径需要自己创建，否则报错：
创建日志目录:
[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# mkdir log [root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# ll total 68 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 4096 Oct 17 12:27 bin drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 25 Oct 17 12:25 conf -rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 34520 May 12 05:35 GNU-AGPL-3.0 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 17 12:29 log -rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 1359 May 12 05:35 README -rw-r--r--. 1 1046 1046 22660 May 12 05:35 THIRD-PARTY-NOTICES
创建mongodb数据db路径:
[root@localhost home]# mkdir mongodb root@localhost home]# cd mongodb/ [root@localhost mongodb]# mkdir data [root@localhost mongodb]# cd data/ [root@localhost data]# mkdir db [root@localhost data]# cd db/ [root@localhost db]# pwd /home/mongodb/data/db
删除默认安装的mongodb数据,释放空间：
[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# cd / [root@localhost /]# ls bin boot data dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var [root@localhost /]# rm -rf data/ [root@localhost /]# ls bin boot dev etc home lib lib64 media mnt opt proc root run sbin srv sys tmp usr var
使用-f参数：配置文件控制mongodb的启动，空间不足继续加参数：--smallfiles
[root@localhost mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3]# cd bin/ [root@localhost bin]# ls bsondump mongo mongod mongodump mongoexport mongofiles mongoimport mongooplog mongoperf mongorestore mongos mongostat mongotop [root@localhost bin]# pwd /home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin
使用自定义配置文件启动mongodb：
[root@localhost bin]# ./mongod -f ../conf/mongodb.conf
about to fork child process, waiting until server is ready for connections. forked process: 4327 child process started successfully, parent exiting
查看是否用守护进程服务启动:
[root@localhost bin]# ps -ef | grep mongodb root 4327 1 0 12:38 ? 00:00:00 ./mongod -f ../conf/mongodb.conf root 4340 2122 0 12:41 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto mongodb
查看自定义的mongodb数据文件：
[root@localhost bin]# cd /home/mongodb/data/db/ [root@localhost db]# ll total 81932 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 17 Oct 17 12:38 journal -rw-------. 1 root root 67108864 Oct 17 12:38 local.0 -rw-------. 1 root root 16777216 Oct 17 12:38 local.ns -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5 Oct 17 12:38 mongod.lock -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 69 Oct 17 12:38 storage.bson drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 6 Oct 17 12:38 _tmp
注：--smallfiles启动,无storage.bson文件.
查看自定义的日志文件:
[root@localhost db]# cd /home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/log/ [root@localhost log]# ls mongodb.log [root@localhost log]# cat mongodb.log 2015-10-17T12:38:58.575+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] ……………… 2015-10-17T12:38:58.979+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] waiting for connections on port 27017
默认启动端口为:27017
登陆测试：
[root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]# telnet localhost 27017 Trying ::1... telnet: connect to address ::1: Connection refused Trying 127.0.0.1... Connected to localhost. Escape character is '^]'. ^] telnet> quit Connection closed.
登陆日志：
[root@CentOS-Slave1 log]# tail -f mongodb.log ……………………… 2015-10-18T10:24:10.877+0800 I NETWORK [conn27] AssertionException handling request, closing client connection: 17133 SSL handshake requested, SSL feature not available in this build 2015-10-18T10:24:12.627+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:56321 #28 (1 connection now open) 2015-10-18T10:24:16.956+0800 I NETWORK [conn28] end connection 127.0.0.1:56321 (0 connections now open)
注：日志会自动备份：
[root@CentOS-Slave1 sbin]# cd /home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/log/ [root@CentOS-Slave1 log]# ls mongodb.log mongodb.log.2015-10-17T08-35-18 mongodb.log.2015-10-18T01-31-48
[root@CentOS-Slave1 log]# tail -f mongodb.log ……………………… 2015-10-18T10:24:10.877+0800 I NETWORK [conn27] AssertionException handling request, closing client connection: 17133 SSL handshake requested, SSL feature not available in this build 2015-10-18T10:24:12.627+0800 I NETWORK [initandlisten] connection accepted from 127.0.0.1:56321 #28 (1 connection now open) 2015-10-18T10:24:16.956+0800 I NETWORK [conn28] end connection 127.0.0.1:56321 (0 connections now open)
打开浏览器console：
[root@CentOS-Slave1 conf]# pwd /home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/conf [root@CentOS-Slave1 conf]# vim mongodb.conf [root@CentOS-Slave1 conf]# cat mongodb.conf
#日志路径 logpath=../log/mongodb.log #启动日志不追加,太过庞大 logappend=false #设置mongodb的db路径 dbpath=/home/mongodb/data/db #后台驻留进程服务运行 fork=true #配置浏览器可以通过28017端口访问mongodb rest=true
配置后，重新启动，先关闭再启动：
关闭自定义配置文件的mongodb:
[root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]# ./mongod --shutdown --dbpath=/home/mongodb/data/db/ killing process with pid: 5891
浏览器登录端口默认28017：
访问url：http://192.168.10.56:28017/
使用客户端登陆mongodb：
[root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]# ./mongo --port 27017
MongoDB shell version: 3.0.3 connecting to: 127.0.0.1:27017/test Server has startup warnings: 2015-10-18T09:31:48.114+0800 I CONTROL ** WARNING: --rest is specified without --httpinterface, 2015-10-18T09:31:48.114+0800 I CONTROL ** enabling http interface 2015-10-18T09:31:48.159+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] 2015-10-18T09:31:48.159+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] ** WARNING: Readahead for /home/mongodb/data/db is set to 4096KB 2015-10-18T09:31:48.159+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 256KB (512 sectors) or less 2015-10-18T09:31:48.159+0800 I STORAGE [initandlisten] ** http://dochub.mongodb.org/core/readahead 2015-10-18T09:31:48.940+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: You are running this process as the root user, which is not recommended. 2015-10-18T09:31:48.940+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/enabled is 'always'. 2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never' 2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] 2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** WARNING: /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/defrag is 'always'. 2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] ** We suggest setting it to 'never' 2015-10-18T09:31:48.941+0800 I CONTROL [initandlisten] > show dbs local 0.078GB > show users >
备注附件：
mongodb数据db目录文件：
[root@CentOS-Slave1 db]# pwd /home/mongodb/data/db [root@CentOS-Slave1 db]# ll total 81932 drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 17 Oct 18 09:31 journal -rw-------. 1 root root 67108864 Oct 18 09:31 local.0 -rw-------. 1 root root 16777216 Oct 18 09:31 local.ns -rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 5 Oct 18 09:31 mongod.lock -rw-r--r--. 1 root root 69 Oct 17 12:38 storage.bson
journal ：事务日志目录（j._0 日志文件从0编号，可循环重用） mongod.lock ：记录当前的mongod的进程号 _tmp ：临时数据文件 local.0 ：数据库文件，按序号递增，大小也倍增（64M—128M—256M—512M—1G—最大2G） local.ns ：记录集合命名空间和索引命名空间
mongodb指令文件：
[root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]# pwd /home/install-files/mongodb-linux-x86_64-3.0.3/bin [root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]# ll total 116340 -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 4305912 May 12 05:35 bsondump -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 11694552 May 12 05:43 mongo -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 22349960 May 12 05:43 mongod -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 6199144 May 12 05:35 mongodump -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 6001840 May 12 05:35 mongoexport -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 5956232 May 12 05:35 mongofiles -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 6211952 May 12 05:35 mongoimport -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 5686856 May 12 05:35 mongooplog -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 22129448 May 12 05:43 mongoperf -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 6332464 May 12 05:35 mongorestore -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 10552760 May 12 05:43 mongos -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 5909928 May 12 05:35 mongostat -rwxr-xr-x. 1 1046 1046 5769944 May 12 05:35 mongotop [root@CentOS-Slave1 bin]#
mongo 客户端程序，连接MongoDB mongod 服务端程序，启动MongoDB mongodump 备份程序 mongoexport 数据导出程序 mongofiles GridFS工具，内建的分布式文件系统 mongoimport 数据导入程序 mongorestore 数据恢复程序 mongos 数据分片程序，支持数据的横向扩展 mongostat 监视程序
时间： 2024-12-24 08:05:21