本案例在于实现文件的多线程断点下载，即文件在下载一部分中断后，可继续接着已有进度下载，并通过进度条显示进度。也就是说在文件开始下载的同时，自动创建每个线程的下载进度的本地文件，下载中断后，重新进入应用点击下载，程序检查有没有本地文件的存在，若存在，获取本地文件中的下载进度，继续进行下载。当下载完成后，自动删除本地文件。
一、多线程断点下载介绍
所谓的多线程断点下载就是利用多线程下载，并且可被中断，如果突然没电了，重启手机后可以继续下载，而不需要重新下载；
利用的技术有：SQLite存储各个线程的下载量，HTTP请求获得下载数据；
二、辅助类介绍
为了完成多线程断点下载我们需要预先编写一些辅助类：
(1)DBOpenHelper
(2)FileService：
-Map<Integer,Integer> getData(String path); 根据URL获得各个线程的下载量
-save(String path, Map<Integer, Integer> map);存储URL对应的各个线程下载量，此函数为刚刚开始时调用
-update(String path, Map<Integer, Integer> map);更新数据库中URL对应的各个线程的下载量；
-delete(String path);删除URL对应的数据；
(3)FileDownloader:
-getFileSize()；获得下载文件的大小
-download(DownloadProgressListener listener);下载文件，并设置监听器
(4)DownloadThread:此类在FileDownloader的download中执行；
先将辅助类列出：
DBOpenHelper.Java
package service; import android.content.Context; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteOpenHelper; public class DBOpenHelper extends SQLiteOpenHelper { private static final String DBNAME = "download.db"; private static final int VERSION = 1; public DBOpenHelper(Context context) { super(context, DBNAME, null, VERSION); } @Override public void onCreate(SQLiteDatabase db) { db.execSQL("CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS filedownlog (id integer primary key autoincrement, downpath varchar(100), threadid INTEGER, downlength INTEGER)"); } @Override public void onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase db, int oldVersion, int newVersion) { db.execSQL("DROP TABLE IF EXISTS filedownlog"); onCreate(db); } }
FileService.java
package service; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.Map; import android.content.Context; import android.database.Cursor; import android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase; /** * 业务bean * */ public class FileService { private DBOpenHelper openHelper; public FileService(Context context) { openHelper = new DBOpenHelper(context); } /** * 获取每条线程已经下载的文件长度 * @param path * @return */ public Map<Integer, Integer> getData(String path){ SQLiteDatabase db = openHelper.getReadableDatabase(); Cursor cursor = db.rawQuery("select threadid, downlength from filedownlog where downpath=?", new String[]{path}); Map<Integer, Integer> data = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>(); while(cursor.moveToNext()){ data.put(cursor.getInt(0), cursor.getInt(1)); } cursor.close(); db.close(); return data; } /** * 保存每条线程已经下载的文件长度 * @param path * @param map */ public void save(String path, Map<Integer, Integer> map){//int threadid, int position SQLiteDatabase db = openHelper.getWritableDatabase(); db.beginTransaction(); try{ for(Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> entry : map.entrySet()){ db.execSQL("insert into filedownlog(downpath, threadid, downlength) values(?,?,?)", new Object[]{path, entry.getKey(), entry.getValue()}); } db.setTransactionSuccessful(); }finally{ db.endTransaction(); } db.close(); } /** * 实时更新每条线程已经下载的文件长度 * @param path * @param map */ public void update(String path, Map<Integer, Integer> map){ SQLiteDatabase db = openHelper.getWritableDatabase(); db.beginTransaction(); try{ for(Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> entry : map.entrySet()){ db.execSQL("update filedownlog set downlength=? where downpath=? and threadid=?", new Object[]{entry.getValue(), path, entry.getKey()}); } db.setTransactionSuccessful(); }finally{ db.endTransaction(); } db.close(); } /** * 当文件下载完成后，删除对应的下载记录 * @param path */ public void delete(String path){ SQLiteDatabase db = openHelper.getWritableDatabase(); db.execSQL("delete from filedownlog where downpath=?", new Object[]{path}); db.close(); } }
FileDownloader.java
package net.download; import java.io.File; import java.io.RandomAccessFile; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; import java.util.LinkedHashMap; import java.util.Map; import java.util.UUID; import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap; import java.util.regex.Matcher; import java.util.regex.Pattern; import service.FileService; import android.content.Context; import android.util.Log; /** * 文件下载器 * FileDownloader loader = new FileDownloader(context, "http://browse.babasport.com/ejb3/ActivePort.exe", new File("D:\\androidsoft\\test"), 2); loader.getFileSize();//得到文件总大小 try { loader.download(new DownloadProgressListener(){ public void onDownloadSize(int size) { print("已经下载："+ size); } }); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } */ public class FileDownloader { private static final String TAG = "FileDownloader"; private Context context; private FileService fileService; /* 已下载文件长度 */ private int downloadSize = 0; /* 原始文件长度 */ private int fileSize = 0; /* 线程数 */ private DownloadThread[] threads; /* 本地保存文件 */ private File saveFile; /* 缓存各线程下载的长度*/ private Map<Integer, Integer> data = new ConcurrentHashMap<Integer, Integer>(); /* 每条线程下载的长度 */ private int block; /* 下载路径 */ private String downloadUrl; /** * 获取线程数 */ public int getThreadSize() { return threads.length; } /** * 获取文件大小 * @return */ public int getFileSize() { return fileSize; } /** * 累计已下载大小 * @param size */ protected synchronized void append(int size) { downloadSize += size; } /** * 更新指定线程最后下载的位置 * @param threadId 线程id * @param pos 最后下载的位置 */ protected synchronized void update(int threadId, int pos) { this.data.put(threadId, pos); this.fileService.update(this.downloadUrl, this.data); } /** * 构建文件下载器 * @param downloadUrl 下载路径 * @param fileSaveDir 文件保存目录 * @param threadNum 下载线程数 */ public FileDownloader(Context context, String downloadUrl, File fileSaveDir, int threadNum) { try { this.context = context; this.downloadUrl = downloadUrl; fileService = new FileService(this.context); URL url = new URL(this.downloadUrl); if(!fileSaveDir.exists()) fileSaveDir.mkdirs(); this.threads = new DownloadThread[threadNum]; //1.获得文件大小 HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); conn.setConnectTimeout(5*1000); conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); conn.setRequestProperty("Accept", "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*"); conn.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN"); conn.setRequestProperty("Referer", downloadUrl); conn.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8"); conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)"); conn.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive"); conn.connect(); printResponseHeader(conn); if (conn.getResponseCode()==200) { this.fileSize = conn.getContentLength();//根据响应获取文件大小 if (this.fileSize <= 0) throw new RuntimeException("Unkown file size "); String filename = getFileName(conn);//获取文件名称 this.saveFile = new File(fileSaveDir, filename);//构建保存文件 Map<Integer, Integer> logdata = fileService.getData(downloadUrl);//获取下载记录 //2.如果以前已经下载过，则从数据库中导入记录，并继续下载 if(logdata.size()>0){//如果存在下载记录 for(Map.Entry<Integer, Integer> entry : logdata.entrySet()) data.put(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());//把各条线程已经下载的数据长度放入data中 } if(this.data.size()==this.threads.length){//下面计算所有线程已经下载的数据长度 for (int i = 0; i < this.threads.length; i++) { this.downloadSize += this.data.get(i+1); } print("已经下载的长度"+ this.downloadSize); } //计算每条线程下载的数据长度 this.block = (this.fileSize % this.threads.length)==0? this.fileSize / this.threads.length : this.fileSize / this.threads.length + 1; }else{ throw new RuntimeException("server no response "); } } catch (Exception e) { print(e.toString()); throw new RuntimeException("don't connection this url"); } } /** * 获取文件名 */ private String getFileName(HttpURLConnection conn) { String filename = this.downloadUrl.substring(this.downloadUrl.lastIndexOf('/') + 1); if(filename==null || "".equals(filename.trim())){//如果获取不到文件名称 for (int i = 0;; i++) { String mine = conn.getHeaderField(i); if (mine == null) break; if("content-disposition".equals(conn.getHeaderFieldKey(i).toLowerCase())){ Matcher m = Pattern.compile(".*filename=(.*)").matcher(mine.toLowerCase()); if(m.find()) return m.group(1); } } filename = UUID.randomUUID()+ ".tmp";//默认取一个文件名 } return filename; } /** * 开始下载文件 * @param listener 监听下载数量的变化,如果不需要了解实时下载的数量,可以设置为null * @return 已下载文件大小 * @throws Exception */ public int download(DownloadProgressListener listener) throws Exception{ try { RandomAccessFile randOut = new RandomAccessFile(this.saveFile, "rw"); if(this.fileSize>0) randOut.setLength(this.fileSize); randOut.close(); URL url = new URL(this.downloadUrl); //如果线程数与以前不一样，则重新开始下 if(this.data.size() != this.threads.length){ this.data.clear(); for (int i = 0; i < this.threads.length; i++) { this.data.put(i+1, 0);//初始化每条线程已经下载的数据长度为0 } } for (int i = 0; i < this.threads.length; i++) {//开启线程进行下载 int downLength = this.data.get(i+1); if(downLength < this.block && this.downloadSize<this.fileSize){//判断线程是否已经完成下载,否则继续下载 this.threads[i] = new DownloadThread(this, url, this.saveFile, this.block, this.data.get(i+1), i+1); this.threads[i].setPriority(7); this.threads[i].start(); }else{ this.threads[i] = null; } } this.fileService.save(this.downloadUrl, this.data); boolean notFinish = true;//下载未完成 while (notFinish) {// 循环判断所有线程是否完成下载 Thread.sleep(900); notFinish = false;//假定全部线程下载完成 for (int i = 0; i < this.threads.length; i++){ if (this.threads[i] != null && !this.threads[i].isFinish()) {//如果发现线程未完成下载 notFinish = true;//设置标志为下载没有完成 if(this.threads[i].getDownLength() == -1){//如果下载失败,再重新下载 this.threads[i] = new DownloadThread(this, url, this.saveFile, this.block, this.data.get(i+1), i+1); this.threads[i].setPriority(7); this.threads[i].start(); } } } if(listener!=null) listener.onDownloadSize(this.downloadSize);//通知目前已经下载完成的数据长度 } fileService.delete(this.downloadUrl); } catch (Exception e) { print(e.toString()); throw new Exception("file download fail"); } return this.downloadSize; } /** * 获取Http响应头字段 * @param http * @return */ public static Map<String, String> getHttpResponseHeader(HttpURLConnection http) { Map<String, String> header = new LinkedHashMap<String, String>(); for (int i = 0;; i++) { String mine = http.getHeaderField(i); if (mine == null) break; header.put(http.getHeaderFieldKey(i), mine); } return header; } /** * 打印Http头字段 * @param http */ public static void printResponseHeader(HttpURLConnection http){ Map<String, String> header = getHttpResponseHeader(http); for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : header.entrySet()){ String key = entry.getKey()!=null ? entry.getKey()+ ":" : ""; print(key+ entry.getValue()); } } private static void print(String msg){ Log.i(TAG, msg); } }
DownloadThread.java
package net.download; import java.io.File; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.RandomAccessFile; import java.net.HttpURLConnection; import java.net.URL; import android.util.Log; public class DownloadThread extends Thread { private static final String TAG = "DownloadThread"; private File saveFile; private URL downUrl; private int block; /* 下载开始位置 */ private int threadId = -1; private int downLength; private boolean finish = false; private FileDownloader downloader; public DownloadThread(FileDownloader downloader, URL downUrl, File saveFile, int block, int downLength, int threadId) { this.downUrl = downUrl; this.saveFile = saveFile; this.block = block; this.downloader = downloader; this.threadId = threadId; this.downLength = downLength; } @Override public void run() { if(downLength < block){//未下载完成 try { HttpURLConnection http = (HttpURLConnection) downUrl.openConnection(); http.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); http.setRequestMethod("GET"); http.setRequestProperty("Accept", "image/gif, image/jpeg, image/pjpeg, image/pjpeg, application/x-shockwave-flash, application/xaml+xml, application/vnd.ms-xpsdocument, application/x-ms-xbap, application/x-ms-application, application/vnd.ms-excel, application/vnd.ms-powerpoint, application/msword, */*"); http.setRequestProperty("Accept-Language", "zh-CN"); http.setRequestProperty("Referer", downUrl.toString()); http.setRequestProperty("Charset", "UTF-8"); int startPos = block * (threadId - 1) + downLength;//开始位置 int endPos = block * threadId -1;//结束位置 http.setRequestProperty("Range", "bytes=" + startPos + "-"+ endPos);//设置获取实体数据的范围 http.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 5.2; Trident/4.0; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30; .NET CLR 3.0.4506.2152; .NET CLR 3.5.30729)"); http.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive"); InputStream inStream = http.getInputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int offset = 0; print("Thread " + this.threadId + " start download from position "+ startPos); RandomAccessFile threadfile = new RandomAccessFile(this.saveFile, "rwd"); threadfile.seek(startPos); while ((offset = inStream.read(buffer, 0, 1024)) != -1) { threadfile.write(buffer, 0, offset); downLength += offset; downloader.update(this.threadId, downLength); downloader.append(offset); } threadfile.close(); inStream.close(); print("Thread " + this.threadId + " download finish"); this.finish = true; } catch (Exception e) { this.downLength = -1; print("Thread "+ this.threadId+ ":"+ e); } } } private static void print(String msg){ Log.i(TAG, msg); } /** * 下载是否完成 * @return */ public boolean isFinish() { return finish; } /** * 已经下载的内容大小 * @return 如果返回值为-1,代表下载失败 */ public long getDownLength() { return downLength; } } DownloadProgressListener.java package net.download; //下载监听器 public interface DownloadProgressListener { public void onDownloadSize(int size); }
三、具体代码
效果如下：
实现代码：
package org.xiazdong.download; import java.io.File; import net.download.DownloadProgressListener; import net.download.FileDownloader; import android.app.Activity; import android.os.Bundle; import android.os.Environment; import android.os.Handler; import android.os.Message; import android.view.View; import android.view.View.OnClickListener; import android.widget.Button; import android.widget.EditText; import android.widget.ProgressBar; import android.widget.TextView; import android.widget.Toast; public class MainActivity extends Activity { private Button downloadButton; private EditText urlpathEditText; private TextView percentTextView; private ProgressBar progressBar; private Handler handler; //主线程 private class UIHandler extends Handler{ @Override public void handleMessage(Message msg) { int downloadsize = msg.getData().getInt("downloadsize"); int percent = msg.getData().getInt("percent"); progressBar.setProgress(downloadsize); percentTextView.setText(percent+"%"); } } private OnClickListener listener = new OnClickListener() { DownloadThread thread; class DownloadThread extends Thread{ private String url ; private File saveDir; private FileDownloader download; public DownloadThread(String url, File saveDir) { this.url = url; this.saveDir = saveDir; } //子线程 @Override public void run() { download = new FileDownloader(MainActivity.this,url, saveDir, 3); progressBar.setMax(download.getFileSize()); //设置最大刻度 try { download.download(downListener); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } //由子线程调用 private DownloadProgressListener downListener = new DownloadProgressListener() { @Override public void onDownloadSize(int size) { //实时跟踪下载的情况 int percent = (int)(((double)size)/progressBar.getMax()*100); Message msg = new Message(); msg.what = 1; //设置id System.out.println(percent+"%"); System.out.println(size+"k"); msg.getData().putInt("percent", percent); msg.getData().putInt("downloadsize",size); handler.sendMessage(msg); } }; @Override public void onClick(View v) { if(v==downloadButton){ if(Environment.getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED)){ String url = urlpathEditText.getText().toString(); File saveDir = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory(); download(url,saveDir); } else{ Toast.makeText(MainActivity.this, "SDCARD不存在", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show(); } } } private void download(String url, File saveDir) { thread = new DownloadThread(url,saveDir); thread.start(); } }; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); downloadButton = (Button)findViewById(R.id.download); urlpathEditText = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.path); percentTextView = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.textView); progressBar = (ProgressBar)findViewById(R.id.progressBar); downloadButton.setOnClickListener(listener); handler = new UIHandler(); } }
以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持脚本之家。
