第五章 用生态学过滤方法改变图像
这一章我们讨论：
用形态过滤器磨损和扩大图像
用形态过滤器打开和关闭图像
用形态过滤器做边缘检测和角点检测
用水印分割图像
用抓取切割算法提取前景中物体
到google上找到了书对应的代码下载了，然后条码的边缘检测有了点想法。
1 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
2 This file contains material supporting chapter 5 of the cookbook:
3 Computer Vision Programming using the OpenCV Library.
4 by Robert Laganiere, Packt Publishing, 2011.
5
6 This program is free software; permission is hereby granted to use, copy, modify,
7 and distribute this source code, or portions thereof, for any purpose, without fee,
8 subject to the restriction that the copyright notice may not be removed
9 or altered from any source or altered source distribution.
10 The software is released on an as-is basis and without any warranties of any kind.
11 In particular, the software is not guaranteed to be fault-tolerant or free from failure.
12 The author disclaims all warranties with regard to this software, any use,
13 and any consequent failure, is purely the responsibility of the user.
14
15 Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Robert Laganiere, www.laganiere.name
16 \*------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
17
18 #include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
19 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
20 #include <opencv2/highgui/highgui.hpp>
21 #include "morphoFeatures.h"
22
23 int main()
24 {
25 // Read input image
26 cv::Mat image= cv::imread("C:/testdir/barcode5.jpg",0);
27 if (!image.data)
28 return 0;
29
30 // Display the image
31 // cv::namedWindow("Image");
32 cv::imshow("Image",image);
33
34 // Create the morphological features instance
35 MorphoFeatures morpho;
36 morpho.setThreshold(40);
37
38 // Get the edges
39 cv::Mat edges;
40 edges= morpho.getEdges(image);
41
42 // Display the edge image
43 cv::namedWindow("Edge Image");
44 cv::imshow("Edge Image",edges);
45
46 // Get the corners
47 morpho.setThreshold(-1);
48 cv::Mat corners;
49 corners= morpho.getCorners(image);
50 cv::morphologyEx(corners,corners,cv::MORPH_TOPHAT,cv::Mat());
51 cv::threshold(corners, corners, 40, 255, cv::THRESH_BINARY_INV);
52
53 // Display the corner image
54 cv::namedWindow("Corner Image");
55 cv::imshow("Corner Image",corners);
56
57 // Display the corner on the image
58 morpho.drawOnImage(corners,image);
59 cv::namedWindow("Corners on Image");
60 cv::imshow("Corners on Image",image);
61 /*
62 // Read and display image of square
63 image= cv::imread("C:/testdir/square.jpg",0);
64 cv::namedWindow("Square Image");
65 cv::imshow("Square Image",image);
66
67 // Creating the cross-shaped structuring element
68 cv::Mat cross(5,5,CV_8U,cv::Scalar(0));
69 for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
70
71 cross.at<uchar>(2,i)= 1;
72 cross.at<uchar>(i,2)= 1;
73 }
74
75 // Dilate with a cross
76 cv::Mat result;
77 cv::dilate(image,result,cross);
78
79 // Display the result
80 cv::namedWindow("Dilated square with cross");
81 cv::imshow("Dilated square with cross",result);
82
83 // Creating the diamond-shaped structuring element
84 cv::Mat diamond(5,5,CV_8U,cv::Scalar(1));
85 diamond.at<uchar>(0,0)= 0;
86 diamond.at<uchar>(0,1)= 0;
87 diamond.at<uchar>(1,0)= 0;
88 diamond.at<uchar>(4,4)= 0;
89 diamond.at<uchar>(3,4)= 0;
90 diamond.at<uchar>(4,3)= 0;
91 diamond.at<uchar>(4,0)= 0;
92 diamond.at<uchar>(4,1)= 0;
93 diamond.at<uchar>(3,0)= 0;
94 diamond.at<uchar>(0,4)= 0;
95 diamond.at<uchar>(0,3)= 0;
96 diamond.at<uchar>(1,4)= 0;
97
98 // Erode with a diamond
99 cv::Mat result2;
100 cv::erode(result,result2,diamond);
101
102 // Display the result
103 cv::namedWindow("Eroded square with diamond");
104 cv::imshow("Eroded square with diamond",result2);
105
106 // Combine the images into one
107 cv::Mat final(100,300,CV_8U);
108 cv::Mat window= final(cv::Rect(0,0,100,100));
109 image.copyTo(window);
110 window= final(cv::Rect(100,0,100,100));
111 result.copyTo(window);
112 window= final(cv::Rect(200,0,100,100));
113 result2.copyTo(window);
114
115 // Display the combined result
116 cv::namedWindow("Combined");
117 cv::imshow("Combined",final);
118
119 // Save combined result
120 cv::imwrite("squares.bmp",final);
121 */
122 cv::waitKey();
123
124 return 0;
125 }
morphoFeatures.h:
1 /*------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
2 This file contains material supporting chapter 5 of the cookbook:
3 Computer Vision Programming using the OpenCV Library.
4 by Robert Laganiere, Packt Publishing, 2011.
5
6 This program is free software; permission is hereby granted to use, copy, modify,
7 and distribute this source code, or portions thereof, for any purpose, without fee,
8 subject to the restriction that the copyright notice may not be removed
9 or altered from any source or altered source distribution.
10 The software is released on an as-is basis and without any warranties of any kind.
11 In particular, the software is not guaranteed to be fault-tolerant or free from failure.
12 The author disclaims all warranties with regard to this software, any use,
13 and any consequent failure, is purely the responsibility of the user.
14
15 Copyright (C) 2010-2011 Robert Laganiere, www.laganiere.name
16 \*------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
17
18 #if !defined MORPHOF
19 #define MORPHOF
20
21 #include <opencv2/core/core.hpp>
22 #include <opencv2/imgproc/imgproc.hpp>
23
24 class MorphoFeatures {
25
26 private:
27
28 // threshold to produce binary image
29 int threshold;
30 // structuring elements used in corner detection
31 cv::Mat cross;
32 cv::Mat diamond;
33 cv::Mat square;
34 cv::Mat x;
35
36 void applyThreshold(cv::Mat& result) {
37
38 // Apply threshold on result
39 if (threshold>0)
40 cv::threshold(result, result, threshold, 255, cv::THRESH_BINARY_INV);
41 }
42
43 public:
44
45 MorphoFeatures() : threshold(-1), cross(5,5,CV_8U,cv::Scalar(0)),
46 diamond(5,5,CV_8U,cv::Scalar(1)),
47 square(5,5,CV_8U,cv::Scalar(1)),
48 x(5,5,CV_8U,cv::Scalar(0)){
49
50 // Creating the cross-shaped structuring element
51 for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
52
53 cross.at<uchar>(2,i)= 1;
54 cross.at<uchar>(i,2)= 1;
55 }
56
57 // Creating the diamond-shaped structuring element
58 diamond.at<uchar>(0,0)= 0;
59 diamond.at<uchar>(0,1)= 0;
60 diamond.at<uchar>(1,0)= 0;
61 diamond.at<uchar>(4,4)= 0;
62 diamond.at<uchar>(3,4)= 0;
63 diamond.at<uchar>(4,3)= 0;
64 diamond.at<uchar>(4,0)= 0;
65 diamond.at<uchar>(4,1)= 0;
66 diamond.at<uchar>(3,0)= 0;
67 diamond.at<uchar>(0,4)= 0;
68 diamond.at<uchar>(0,3)= 0;
69 diamond.at<uchar>(1,4)= 0;
70
71 // Creating the x-shaped structuring element
72 for (int i=0; i<5; i++) {
73
74 x.at<uchar>(i,i)= 1;
75 x.at<uchar>(4-i,i)= 1;
76 }
77 }
78
79 void setThreshold(int t) {
80
81 threshold= t;
82 }
83
84 int getThreshold() const {
85
86 return threshold;
87 }
88
89 cv::Mat getEdges(const cv::Mat &image) {
90
91 // Get the gradient image
92 cv::Mat result;
93 cv::morphologyEx(image,result,cv::MORPH_GRADIENT,cv::Mat());
94
95 // Apply threshold to obtain a binary image
96 applyThreshold(result);
97
98 return result;
99 }
100
101 cv::Mat getCorners(const cv::Mat &image) {
102
103 cv::Mat result;
104
105 // Dilate with a cross
106 cv::dilate(image,result,cross);
107
108 // Erode with a diamond
109 cv::erode(result,result,diamond);
110
111 cv::Mat result2;
112 // Dilate with a X
113 cv::dilate(image,result2,x);
114
115 // Erode with a square
116 cv::erode(result2,result2,square);
117
118 // Corners are obtained by differencing
119 // the two closed images
120 cv::absdiff(result2,result,result);
121
122 // Apply threshold to obtain a binary image
123 applyThreshold(result);
124
125 return result;
126 }
127
128 void drawOnImage(const cv::Mat& binary, cv::Mat& image) {
129
130 cv::Mat_<uchar>::const_iterator it= binary.begin<uchar>();
131 cv::Mat_<uchar>::const_iterator itend= binary.end<uchar>();
132
133 // for each pixel
134 for (int i=0; it!= itend; ++it,++i) {
135 if (!*it)
136 cv::circle(image,cv::Point(i%image.step,i/image.step),5,cv::Scalar(255,0,0));
137 }
138 }
139 };
140
141
142 #endif
用500万像素的手机拍条码，边缘检测后虽然条码里面很乱但条码边框（黑色）能够确定了。
时间： 2024-11-05 19:37:54