从oracle 11gR1版本开始，oracle提供了数据库数据文件修复的建议方案，从而更好的让用户去选择恢复方法
这就显的越来越智能，只需要我们按照修复建议向导去做即可。
环境 Oracle Linux AS 5.5+oracle 11.2 （归档模式)
1、备份前的情况
SQL> conn fmismain/fmismain
Connected.
SQL> select count(*) from xtdw;
COUNT(*)
----------
29
SQL> select count(*) from xtdw3;
COUNT(*)
----------
30
SQL>
2、rman备份
[oracle@ora1 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 22 09:13:05 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4120198168)
RMAN> backup database format '/soft/bak/%U.full_bak';
Starting backup at 22-JUL-10
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=47 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting full datafile backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set
including current SPFILE in backup set
including current control file in backup set
input datafile file number=00001 name=+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/system.260.723998053
input datafile file number=00002 name=+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/sysaux.259.723998085
input datafile file number=00003 name=+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/undotbs1.258.723998109
input datafile file number=00005 name=+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/fmismain.266.724020873
input datafile file number=00004 name=+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/users.256.723998149
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 22-JUL-10
channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 22-JUL-10
piece handle=/soft/bak/01ljdn3b_1_1.full_bak tag=TAG20100722T091419 comment=NONE
channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:02:07
Finished backup at 22-JUL-10
3.关闭数据库，误删除一个数据库的数据文件
手工删除asm中的FMISMAIN.266.724020873文件
3.启动数据库时报错，提示找不到FMISMAIN.266.724020873数据文件
[oracle@ora1 ~]$ sqlplus "/as sysdba"
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Thu Jul 22 09:19:16 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production
With the Partitioning, Automatic Storage Management, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing options
SQL> shutdown immediate;
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 481259520 bytes
Fixed Size 1337352 bytes
Variable Size 264243192 bytes
Database Buffers 209715200 bytes
Redo Buffers 5963776 bytes
Database mounted.
ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 5 - see DBWR trace file
ORA-01110: data file 5: '+DGDATGA/ora11g/datafile/fmismain.266.724020873'
4.advise failure (data recover Advisor)
[oracle@ora1 ~]$ rman target /
Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Jul 22 09:39:42 2010
Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
connected to target database: ORA11G (DBID=4120198168, not open)
RMAN> list；
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
本栏目更多精彩内容：http://www.bianceng.cnhttp://www.bianceng.cn/database/Oracle/
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands
RMAN-01009: syntax error: found ";": expecting one of: "all, archivelog, backed, backuppiece, backupset, backup, completed, controlfilecopy, copy, datafilecopy, db_unique_name, device, expired, failure, foreign, global, incarnation, like, proxy, recoverable, restore, script, tag"
RMAN-01007: at line 2 column 1 file: standard input
RMAN>
RMAN> ;
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands
RMAN-01009: syntax error: found ";": expecting one of: "advise, allocate, alter, backup, @, catalog, change, configure, connect, convert, copy, create, crosscheck, delete, drop, duplicate, exit, flashback, grant, host, import, list, mount, open, print, quit, recover, register, release, repair, replace, report, reset, restore, resync, revoke, run, send, set, show, shutdown, spool, sql, startup, switch, transport, unregister, upgrade, validate, {, "