首先分两步走：
每一、先更新系统然后安装必要的依赖（这一步为以后的扩展提供铺垫）
第二、安装mysql apache2 php
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install build-essential gcc g++ autoconf libiconv-hook-dev libmcrypt-dev libxml2-dev libmysqlclient-dev libcurl4-openssl-dev libjpeg8-dev libpng12-dev libfreetype6-dev snmp mcrypt
sudo apt-get install mysql-server mysql-client
sudo apt-get install apache2
sudo apt-get install php5 php5-common php5-mysql php5-curl php5-gd php5-intl php-pear php5-imagick php5-imap php5-mcrypt php5-memcache php5-ming php5-ps php5-pspell php5-recode php5-snmp php5-sqlite php5-tidy php5-xmlrpc php5-xsl php5-xcache php5-mcrypt
重启apache2
sudo service apache2 restart
ubuntu下apache2虚拟主机配置
cd /etc/apache2/sites-available
ls
000-default.conf default-ssl.conf
sudo cp 000-default.conf 000-default.conf.bak
sudo vim 000-default.conf
文件修改为以下内容
<VirtualHost *:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
DocumentRoot /data/www
ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log
CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined
<Directory />
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
重启apache2测试效果
sudo service apache2 restart
cd chmod 777 /data/www
vim info.php
<?php
phpinfo();
在浏览器上http://localhost/info.php
ps aux | grep apache2
root 3749 0.0 0.7 568604 28152 ? Ss 10:05 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 3753 0.0 0.6 797128 24504 ? S 10:05 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 3754 0.0 0.7 574664 30756 ? S 10:05 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 3755 0.0 0.5 571040 22676 ? S 10:05 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 3756 0.0 0.4 569892 18596 ? S 10:05 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 3757 0.0 0.4 569884 18660 ? S 10:05 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
www-data 3808 0.0 0.5 570500 21040 ? S 10:05 0:00 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
zzs 4187 0.0 0.0 15960 924 pts/0 S+ 10:53 0:00 grep --color=auto apache2
第三步、安装Nginx
sudo apt-get install nginx
sudo apt-get install php5-fpm
cd /etc/nginx/sites-available
sudo cp default default.bak
配置Nginx使其支持PHP
cd /etc/nginx/sites-available
sudo vim default
Nginx主机配置（端口改为8080,根目录和刚才的apache2要目录一样/data/www）
server {
listen 8080 default_server; #修改端口
listen [::]:8080 default_server ipv6only=on; #修改端口
root /data/www; #修改网站根目录
index index.php index.html index.htm; #添加index.php索引文件
# Make site accessible from http://localhost/
server_name localhost;
location / {
# First attempt to serve request as file, then
# as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
try_files $uri $uri/ =404;
# Uncomment to enable naxsi on this location
# include /etc/nginx/naxsi.rules
}
location ~ .php$ {
fastcgi_split_path_info ^(.+.php)(/.+)$;
# NOTE: You should have "cgi.fix_pathinfo = 0;" in php.ini
# With php5-cgi alone:
#fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# With php5-fpm:
fastcgi_pass unix:/var/run/php5-fpm.sock; #使用套接字方式启动
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fastcgi_params;
}
}
重启服务，查看进程
sudo service nginx restart
sudo service php5-fpm restart
ps aux | grep php-fpm
root 3803 0.0 0.6 522716 26760 ? Ss 10:05 0:00 php-fpm: master process (/etc/php5/fpm/php-fpm.conf)
www-data 3806 0.0 0.4 751104 16396 ? S 10:05 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
www-data 3807 0.0 0.2 522716 8432 ? S 10:05 0:00 php-fpm: pool www
zzs 4234 0.0 0.0 15956 924 pts/0 S+ 11:06 0:00 grep --color=auto php-fpm
ps aux | grep nginx
root 3782 0.0 0.0 85868 1360 ? Ss 10:05 0:00 nginx: master process /usr/sbin/nginx
www-data 3783 0.0 0.0 86164 2032 ? S 10:05 0:00 nginx: worker process
www-data 3784 0.0 0.0 86164 2520 ? S 10:05 0:00 nginx: worker process
www-data 3785 0.0 0.0 86164 2032 ? S 10:05 0:00 nginx: worker process
www-data 3786 0.0 0.0 86164 1776 ? S 10:05 0:00 nginx: worker process
zzs 4236 0.0 0.0 15956 916 pts/0 S+ 11:06 0:00 grep --color=auto nginx
附apache2虚拟主机配置方法：
在Apache2中，有效的站点信息都存放在/etc/apache2/sites-available/文件 里面。 我们可以添加格式如下的信息来增加一个有效的虚拟空间，将default文件复制一份改一下里面的路径就可以了,要启用配置则则将此文件做一个软链接到 /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/ 目录下
下面具个例子说明：
$ cd /etc/apache2/sites-available/
$ sudo cp 000-default.conf test.conf
$ mkdir /data/www/logs
<VirtualHost *:80>
#ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
ServerName test.com
ServerAlias www.test.com
DocumentRoot /data/www/test
ErrorLog /data/www/logs/test-error.log
CustomLog /data/www/logs/test-access.log combined
<Directory />
Options Indexes FollowSymLinks
AllowOverride None
Require all granted
</Directory>
</VirtualHost>
添加软链接到/etc/apache2/sites-enabled目录
$ sudo ln -s /etc/apache2/sites-available/test.conf /etc/apache2/sites-enabled/test.conf
$ cd /etc/apache2/sites-enabled
$ ls -al
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 12月 14 11:48 ./
drwxr-xr-x 8 root root 4096 12月 14 00:13 ../
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 35 12月 14 00:00 000-default.conf -> ../sites-available/000-default.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 38 12月 14 11:48 test.conf -> /etc/apache2/sites-available/test.conf
注意：
查看fpm进程是
ps aux | grep php-fpm
重启服务是
sudo service php5-fpm restart
不知道为何两者名称不统一，最好用ps aux| grep fpm来查看