[20150929]检查数据块.txt
--一般检查数据库的块是否存在损坏，使用dbv程序。例子：
$ dbv file=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
DBVERIFY: Release 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Sep 29 07:48:28 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
DBVERIFY - Verification starting : FILE = /u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
DBVERIFY - Verification complete
Total Pages Examined : 106240
Total Pages Processed (Data) : 67096
Total Pages Failing (Data) : 0
Total Pages Processed (Index): 16916
Total Pages Failing (Index): 0
Total Pages Processed (Other): 10114
Total Pages Processed (Seg) : 1
Total Pages Failing (Seg) : 0
Total Pages Empty : 12114
Total Pages Marked Corrupt : 0
Total Pages Influx : 0
Total Pages Encrypted : 0
Highest block SCN : 319181189 (3.319181189)
--但是如果文件很大检查就不方便，速度也不快，如果是检查多个文件，要一个一个输入，也是不方便。
--虽然dbv支持start，end参数，但是人为分割编程效率不高。简单一点，可以使用rman来完成这个工作。
RMAN> VALIDATE database ;
Starting validate at 2015-09-29 07:52:26
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=12 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_2
channel ORA_DISK_2: SID=201 device type=DISK
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_3: SID=396 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) for validation
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf
input datafile file number=00014 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/tbs_ts2_01.dbf
input datafile file number=00005 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/example01.dbf
input datafile file number=00007 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/tools01.dbf
input datafile file number=00009 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/testmssm01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) for validation
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/sysaux01.dbf
input datafile file number=00006 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/rman01.dbf
input datafile file number=00008 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/test01.dbf
input datafile file number=00010 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/undotbs02.dbf
input datafile file number=00012 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/tools01x.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying datafile(s) for validation
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/users01.dbf
input datafile file number=00013 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/tbs_ts1_01.dbf
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:02:39
List of Datafiles
=================
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
3 OK 0 1 108544 13204083927
File Name: /u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/undotbs01.dbf
Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
---------- -------------- ----------------
Data 0 0
Index 0 0
Other 0 108543
..... snap...
channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
List of Control File and SPFILE
===============================
File Type Status Blocks Failing Blocks Examined
------------ ------ -------------- ---------------
Control File OK 0 1232
channel ORA_DISK_3: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:03:17
List of Datafiles
=================
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
1 OK 0 12114 106242 13204083927
File Name: /u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
---------- -------------- ----------------
Data 0 67096
Index 0 16916
Other 0 10114
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
4 OK 0 8175 147456 13203948833
File Name: /u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/users01.dbf
Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
---------- -------------- ----------------
Data 0 135887
Index 0 1944
Other 0 1450
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
13 OK 0 5889 6400 12695454522
File Name: /u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/tbs_ts1_01.dbf
Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
---------- -------------- ----------------
Data 0 376
Index 0 0
Other 0 135
Finished validate at 2015-09-29 07:55:59
--如果仔细看，可以发现开了3个并行。
RMAN> show DEVICE type ;
RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name TEST are:
CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 3 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET;
SCOTT@test> select * from v$database_block_corruption;
no rows selected
--检查单个数据文件
RMAN> VALIDATE datafile 1 ;
Starting validate at 2015-09-29 08:00:01
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) for validation
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) for validation
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying datafile(s) for validation
including current control file for validation
channel ORA_DISK_2: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
List of Control File and SPFILE
===============================
File Type Status Blocks Failing Blocks Examined
------------ ------ -------------- ---------------
SPFILE OK 0 2
channel ORA_DISK_3: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
List of Control File and SPFILE
===============================
File Type Status Blocks Failing Blocks Examined
------------ ------ -------------- ---------------
Control File OK 0 1232
channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:18
List of Datafiles
=================
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
1 OK 0 12114 106242 13204084470
File Name: /u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
---------- -------------- ----------------
Data 0 67096
Index 0 16916
Other 0 10114
Finished validate at 2015-09-29 08:00:22
--另外11g还支持section size 参数，这样可以检查通过这个参数将文件分成几个部分同时检查(在打开并行的情况下)。
RMAN> VALIDATE section size 200M datafile 1;
Starting validate at 2015-09-29 08:02:10
using channel ORA_DISK_1
using channel ORA_DISK_2
using channel ORA_DISK_3
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) for validation
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
validating blocks 1 through 25600
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) for validation
including current SPFILE in backup set
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying datafile(s) for validation
including current control file for validation
channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) for validation
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
validating blocks 25601 through 51200
channel ORA_DISK_2: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
List of Control File and SPFILE
===============================
File Type Status Blocks Failing Blocks Examined
------------ ------ -------------- ---------------
SPFILE OK 0 2
channel ORA_DISK_2: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_2: specifying datafile(s) for validation
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
validating blocks 51201 through 76800
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) for validation
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
validating blocks 76801 through 102400
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
channel ORA_DISK_3: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:02
List of Control File and SPFILE
===============================
File Type Status Blocks Failing Blocks Examined
------------ ------ -------------- ---------------
Control File OK 0 1232
channel ORA_DISK_3: starting validation of datafile
channel ORA_DISK_3: specifying datafile(s) for validation
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
validating blocks 102401 through 106240
channel ORA_DISK_1: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_2: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
channel ORA_DISK_3: validation complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
List of Datafiles
=================
File Status Marked Corrupt Empty Blocks Blocks Examined High SCN
---- ------ -------------- ------------ --------------- ----------
1 OK 0 12114 106238 13204085021
File Name: /u01/app/oracle11g/oradata/test/system01.dbf
Block Type Blocks Failing Blocks Processed
---------- -------------- ----------------
Data 0 67096
Index 0 16916
Other 0 10110
Finished validate at 2015-09-29 08:02:16
--注意看~.
--使用rman的VALIDATE简单快捷不少。