查看及管理Oraclepatch

Oracle 为我们提供了用于patch安装、回退、管理与追踪的工具opatch，该工具为命令行工具，简单易用，可以根据opatch的帮助命令来获取帮助信息
#获得opatch的帮助信息
[oracle@linux1 OPatch]$ ./opatch -help
Invoking OPatch 11.1.0.6.6   #opatch的版本
 
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.1.0.6.6
Copyright (c) 2009, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
 
 Usage: opatch [ -help ] [ -r[eport] ] [ command ]
 
            command := apply          #安装patch
                       lsinventory    #查看所有已安装的patch
                       napply         #用于Apply a set of patches at a time
                       nrollback      #用于Rollback a set of patches at a time
                       rollback       #Rollback an existing one-off patch indicated by the reference-id
                       query         
                       version
                       prereq         #用于检查安装patch之前的先决条件
                       util
 
 <global_arguments> := -help       Displays the help message for the command.
                       -report     Print the actions without executing.
 example:                             #可以通过下面的方式来查看每一个具体命令的用法
   'opatch -help'
   'opatch apply -help'         
   'opatch lsinventory -help'   
   'opatch napply -help'        
   'opatch nrollback -help'
   'opatch rollback -help'
   'opatch prereq -help'
   'opatch util -help'
   
OPatch succeeded.
 
#下面查看oracle 10g下的补丁信息，对于如何安装补丁，本文不作演示
oracle@M10DB01p:/users/oracle/OraHome10g/OPatch> ./opatch lsinventory
Invoking OPatch 10.2.0.3.0
    .........
Oracle Home       : /users/oracle/OraHome10g
Central Inventory : /users/oracle/oraInventory
   from           : /etc/oraInst.loc
OPatch version    : 10.2.0.3.0
OUI version       : 10.2.0.3.0
OUI location      : /users/oracle/OraHome10g/oui
Log file location : /users/oracle/OraHome10g/cfgtoollogs/opatch/opatch2013-12-19_09-54-27AM.log
 
Lsinventory Output file location : /users/oracle/OraHome10g/cfgtoollogs/opatch/lsinv/lsinventory2013-12-19_09-54-27AM.txt
 
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installed Top-level Products (2):
 
Oracle Database 10g                                                  10.2.0.1.0 #基础版本号
Oracle Database 10g Release 2 Patch Set 2                            10.2.0.3.0 #PSR号为3
There are 2 products installed in this Oracle Home.
 
 
Interim patches (2) :                                                #列出了2个临时补丁patch号及bug号
 
Patch  5556081      : applied on Wed Feb 15 11:16:15 HKT 2012
   Created on 9 Nov 2006, 22:20:50 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     5556081
 
Patch  5557962      : applied on Wed Feb 15 11:16:08 HKT 2012
   Created on 9 Nov 2006, 23:23:06 hrs PST8PDT
   Bugs fixed:
     4269423, 5557962, 5528974
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPatch succeeded.
 
#也可以通过查询dba_server_registry查看当前数据补丁的使用情况
SQL> select comp_name,version from dba_server_registry;
 
COMP_NAME                                          VERSION
-------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
Oracle XML Database                                10.2.0.3.0
Oracle Label Security                              10.2.0.3.0
Oracle Expression Filter                           10.2.0.3.0
Oracle Rules Manager                               10.2.0.3.0
Oracle Workspace Manager                           10.2.0.1.0
Oracle Database Catalog Views                      10.2.0.3.0
Oracle Database Packages and Types                 10.2.0.3.0
JServer JAVA Virtual Machine                       10.2.0.3.0
Oracle XDK                                         10.2.0.3.0
Oracle Database Java Packages                      10.2.0.3.0
 
10 rows selected.
 
#下面是Oracle 11g下使用lsinventory -detail时patch的应用情况
[oracle@linux1 OPatch]$ ./opatch lsinventory -detail
Invoking OPatch 11.1.0.6.6
 
Oracle Interim Patch Installer version 11.1.0.6.6
Copyright (c) 2009, Oracle Corporation.  All rights reserved.
              ...............(省略)
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installed Top-level Products (1):
 
Oracle Database 11g                                                  11.2.0.1.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.
 
Installed Products (134):
 
Agent Required Support Files                                         10.2.0.4.2
Assistant Common Files                                               11.2.0.1.0
Bali Share                                                           1.1.18.0.0
Buildtools Common Files                                              11.2.0.1.0
Character Set Migration Utility                                      11.2.0.1.0
Cluster Verification Utility Common Files                            11.2.0.1.0
Database Configuration and Upgrade Assistants                        11.2.0.1.0
               ...............(省略)
SSL Required Support Files for InstantClient                         11.2.0.1.0
Sun JDK                                                              1.5.0.17.0
XDK Required Support Files                                           11.2.0.1.0
XML Parser for Java                                                  11.2.0.1.0
XML Parser for Oracle JVM                                            11.2.0.1.0
There are 134 products installed in this Oracle Home.
 
Interim patches (1) :
 
Patch  8670579      : applied on Thu Aug 15 17:53:20 CST 2013
Unique Patch ID:  12243614
   Created on 25 Feb 2010, 09:55:12 hrs US/Eastern
   Bugs fixed:
     8670579
   Files Touched:       #这里列出了相应的文件
     /ahseteco.o --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.a
     /am11rkg.o --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.a
     /amsha.o --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.a
     /cpui32.o --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.a
     /sha.o --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.a
     /x931rand.o --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.a
     /am11dkg.o --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.a
     /am931rnd.o --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.a
     /amsharnd.o --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.a
     /ghash.o --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.a
     /shacomm.o --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.a
     libnnz11.so --> ORACLE_HOME/lib/libnnz11.so
   Patch Location in Inventory:
     /u01/app/oracle/db_1/inventory/oneoffs/8670579
   Patch Location in Storage area:
     /u01/app/oracle/db_1/.patch_storage/8670579_Feb_25_2010_09_55_12
 
Rac system comprising of multiple nodes   #列出了当前环境的节点
  Local node = linux1
  Remote node = linux2
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPatch succeeded.
 
#下面是Oracle 11g下使用使用lsinventory -bugs_fixed来查看patch的情形
[oracle@linux1 OPatch]$  ./opatch lsinventory -bugs_fixed
Invoking OPatch 11.1.0.6.6
             ...............(省略)
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Installed Top-level Products (1):
 
Oracle Database 11g                                                  11.2.0.1.0
There are 1 products installed in this Oracle Home.
 
List of Bugs fixed by Installed Patches:
 
Bug        Fixed by  Installed at                   Description
            Patch                                             
---        --------  ------------                   -----------  #下面给出了和bug有关的具体描述
 
8670579    8670579   Thu Aug 15 17:53:20 CST 2013   DBBETA :NETCA/DBCA FAILED WITH HOTSPOT VIRTUAL MACHINE
 
Rac system comprising of multiple nodes
  Local node = linux1
  Remote node = linux2
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
OPatch succeeded.