折腾了好几天的 HTTP 终于搞定了,经测试正常,不过是初步用例测试用的,因为后面还要修改先把当前版本保存在博客里吧。
其中POST因为涉及多段上传需要导入两个包文件,我用的是最新的 httpmine4.3 发现网上很多 MultipartEntity 相关的文章都是早起版本的,以前的一些方法虽然还可用,但新版本中已经不建议使用了,所以全部使用新的方式 MultipartEntityBuilder 来处理了。
httpmime-4.3.2.jar httpcore-4.3.1.jar
下载地址:http://hc.apache.org/downloads.cgi
有些镜像貌似打不开,页面上可以可以选择国内的 .cn 后缀的域名镜像服务器来下载
如果是 android studio 这里可能会遇到一个问题:Android Duplicate files copied in APK
经测试 POST 对中文处理也是正常的,没有发现乱码
下面是完整代码:
ZHttpRequest.java
package com.ai9475.util; import org.apache.http.HttpEntity; import org.apache.http.HttpResponse; import org.apache.http.HttpStatus; import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost; import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpRequestBase; import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode; import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder; import org.apache.http.impl.client.DefaultHttpClient; import org.apache.http.params.BasicHttpParams; import org.apache.http.params.HttpConnectionParams; import org.apache.http.params.HttpParams; import org.apache.http.protocol.HTTP; import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; import java.io.File; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException; import java.nio.charset.Charset; import java.util.Iterator; import java.util.Map; import java.util.Set; /** * Created by ZHOUZ on 14-2-3. */ public class ZHttpRequest { protected String url = ""; protected Map<String, String> headers = null; protected int connectionTimeout = 5000; protected int soTimeout = 10000; protected int statusCode = 200; protected String charset = HTTP.UTF_8; protected HttpGet httpGet; protected HttpPost httpPost; protected HttpParams httpParameters; protected HttpResponse httpResponse; protected HttpClient httpClient; protected String inputContent; /** * 设置当前请求的链接 * * @param url * @return */ public ZHttpRequest setUrl(String url) { this.url = url; return this; } /** * 设置请求的 header 信息 * * @param headers * @return */ public ZHttpRequest setHeaders(Map headers) { this.headers = headers; return this; } /** * 设置连接超时时间 * * @param timeout 单位(毫秒),默认 5000 * @return */ public ZHttpRequest setConnectionTimeout(int timeout) { this.connectionTimeout = timeout; return this; } /** * 设置 socket 读取超时时间 * * @param timeout 单位(毫秒),默认 10000 * @return */ public ZHttpRequest setSoTimeout(int timeout) { this.soTimeout = timeout; return this; } /** * 设置获取内容的编码格式 * * @param charset 默认为 UTF-8 * @return */ public ZHttpRequest setCharset(String charset) { this.charset = charset; return this; } /** * 获取 HTTP 请求响应信息 * * @return */ public HttpResponse getHttpResponse() { return this.httpResponse; } /** * 获取 HTTP 客户端连接管理器 * * @return */ public HttpClient getHttpClient() { return this.httpClient; } /** * 获取请求的状态码 * * @return */ public int getStatusCode() { return this.statusCode; } /** * 通过 GET 方式请求数据 * * @param url * @return * @throws IOException */ public String get(String url) throws IOException { // 设置当前请求的链接 this.setUrl(url); // 实例化 GET 连接 this.httpGet = new HttpGet(this.url); // 自定义配置 header 信息 this.addHeaders(this.httpGet); // 初始化客户端请求 this.initHttpClient(); // 发送 HTTP 请求 this.httpResponse = this.httpClient.execute(this.httpGet); // 读取远程数据 this.getInputStream(); // 远程请求状态码是否正常 if (this.statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) { return null; } // 返回全部读取到的字符串 return this.inputContent; } public String post(String url, Map<String, String> datas, Map<String, String> files) throws IOException { this.setUrl(url); // 实例化 GET 连接 this.httpPost = new HttpPost(this.url); // 自定义配置 header 信息 this.addHeaders(this.httpPost); // 初始化客户端请求 this.initHttpClient(); Iterator iterator = datas.entrySet().iterator(); MultipartEntityBuilder multipartEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create(); multipartEntityBuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE); multipartEntityBuilder.setCharset(Charset.forName(this.charset)); // 发送的数据 while (iterator.hasNext()) { Map.Entry<String, String> entry = (Map.Entry<String, String>) iterator.next(); multipartEntityBuilder.addTextBody(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue(), ContentType.create("text/plain", Charset.forName(this.charset))); } // 发送的文件 if (files != null) { iterator = files.entrySet().iterator(); while (iterator.hasNext()) { Map.Entry<String, String> entry = (Map.Entry<String, String>) iterator.next(); String path = entry.getValue(); if ("".equals(path) || path == null) continue; File file = new File(entry.getValue()); multipartEntityBuilder.addBinaryBody(entry.getKey(), file); } } // 生成 HTTP 实体 HttpEntity httpEntity = multipartEntityBuilder.build(); // 设置 POST 请求的实体部分 this.httpPost.setEntity(httpEntity); // 发送 HTTP 请求 this.httpResponse = this.httpClient.execute(this.httpPost); // 读取远程数据 this.getInputStream(); // 远程请求状态码是否正常 if (this.statusCode != HttpStatus.SC_OK) { return null; } // 返回全部读取到的字符串 return this.inputContent.toString(); } /** * 为 HTTP 请求添加 header 信息 * * @param request */ protected void addHeaders(HttpRequestBase request) { if (this.headers != null) { Set keys = this.headers.entrySet(); Iterator iterator = keys.iterator(); Map.Entry<String, String> entry; while (iterator.hasNext()) { entry = (Map.Entry<String, String>) iterator.next(); request.addHeader(entry.getKey().toString(), entry.getValue().toString()); } } } /** * 配置请求参数 */ protected void setParams() { this.httpParameters = new BasicHttpParams(); this.httpParameters.setParameter("charset", this.charset); // 设置 连接请求超时时间 HttpConnectionParams.setConnectionTimeout(this.httpParameters, this.connectionTimeout); // 设置 socket 读取超时时间 HttpConnectionParams.setSoTimeout(this.httpParameters, this.soTimeout); } /** * 初始化配置客户端请求 */ protected void initHttpClient() { // 配置 HTTP 请求参数 this.setParams(); // 开启一个客户端 HTTP 请求 this.httpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(this.httpParameters); } /** * 读取远程数据 * * @throws IOException */ protected void getInputStream() throws IOException { // 接收远程输入流 InputStream inStream = this.httpResponse.getEntity().getContent(); // 分段读取输入流数据 ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] buf = new byte[1024]; int len = -1; while ((len = inStream.read(buf)) != -1) { baos.write(buf, 0, len); } // 将数据转换为字符串保存 this.inputContent = new String(baos.toByteArray()); // 数据接收完毕退出 inStream.close(); // 获取请求返回的状态码 this.statusCode = this.httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(); } /** * 关闭连接管理器释放资源 */ protected void shutdownHttpClient() { if (this.httpClient != null && this.httpClient.getConnectionManager() != null) { this.httpClient.getConnectionManager().shutdown(); } } }
MainActivity.java
这个我就只写事件部分了
public void doClick(View view) { ZHttpRequest request = new ZHttpRequest(); String url = ""; TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.showContent); String content = "空内容"; try { if (view.getId() == R.id.doGet) { url = "http://www.baidu.com"; content = "GET数据:" + request.get(url); } else { url = "http://192.168.1.6/test.php"; HashMap<String, String> datas = new HashMap<String, String>(); datas.put("p1", "abc"); datas.put("p2", "中文"); datas.put("p3", "abc中文cba"); datas.put("pic", this.picPath); HashMap<String, String> files = new HashMap<String, String>(); files.put("file", this.picPath); content = "POST数据:" + request.post(url, datas, files); } } catch (IOException e) { content = "IO异常:" + e.getMessage(); } catch (Exception e) { content = "异常:" + e.getMessage(); } textView.setText(content); }
其中的 this.picPath 就是指定的SD卡中的相片路径 String 类型
activity_main.xml
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <ScrollView android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <LinearLayout android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" android:orientation="vertical" > <Button android:id="@+id/doGet" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:padding="10dp" android:layout_marginBottom="10dp" android:text="GET请求" android:onClick="doClick" /> <Button android:id="@+id/doPost" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:padding="10dp" android:layout_marginBottom="10dp" android:text="POST请求" android:onClick="doClick" /> <Button android:id="@+id/doPhoto" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:padding="10dp" android:layout_marginBottom="10dp" android:text="拍照" android:onClick="doPhoto" /> <ImageView android:id="@+id/showPhoto" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="250dp" android:scaleType="centerCrop" android:src="@drawable/add" android:layout_marginBottom="10dp" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/showContent" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginBottom="10dp" /> </LinearLayout> </ScrollView> </LinearLayout>
由于我现在对Java 还不是很熟悉,只看过一些视频教程,实际开发经验不多,我按自己的理解写的注释,不过应该不会有什么太大问题吧,如有错误请指出,谢谢!
时间: 2024-11-01 08:34:17