创建账号或修改账号密码时有可能会遇到ORA-00988: missing or invalid password(s)，那么什么情况下会遇到这种错误呢？ 一般是因为密码的设置不符合命名规范：
1：密码是关键字，但是没有用双引号包裹起来。
2：密码以数字开头，但是没有用双引号包裹起来
3：密码包含特殊字符，并且没有用双引号包裹起来。
官方文档关于passwor的介绍如下：
The
BY password clause lets you creates a local user and indicates that the
user must specify password to log on to the database. Passwords can
contain only single-byte characters from your database character set
regardless of whether the character set also contains multibyte
characters.
Passwords must follow the rules described in the section "Schema Object Naming Rules",
unless you are using the Oracle Database password complexity
verification routine. That routine requires a more complex combination
of characters than the normal naming rules permit. You implement this
routine with the UTLPWDMG.SQL script, which is further described in
Oracle Database Security Guide.
而Schema Object Naming Rules就包含下面这些规则。
More
usernames than passwords were specified in a GRANT statement. A valid
password must be specified for each username listed in the GRANT
statement. This error indicates that you are violating the object names
and qualifiers for Oracle. The following rules apply when naming
objects:
1) Names must be
from 1 -30 characters long with the exceptions: - Names of database are
limited to 8 characters. - Names of database links can be as long as
128 characters.
2) Names cannot contain quotation marks.
3) Names are not case-sensitive. （注意,这条只适用于ORACLE 10g）
4)A
name must begin with and contain an alphanumeric character from your
database character set unless surrounded by double quotation marks. 5)
Oracle strongly discourages using $ and #.
下面我们通过几个案例来了解一下上面的内容吧
1：密码是关键字，但是没有用双引号。
SQL> create user test identified by table;
create user test identified by table
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00988: missing or invalid password(s)
SQL> create user test identified by 'table';
create user test identified by 'table'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00988: missing or invalid password(s)
SQL> create user test identified by "table";
User created.
2：密码以数字开头，但是没有使用双引号
SQL> create user test identified by 123456;
create user test identified by 123456
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00988: missing or invalid password(s)
SQL> create user test identified by '123456';
create user test identified by '123456'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00988: missing or invalid password(s)
SQL> create user test identified by "123456";
User created.
3：密码包含特殊字符，并且没有用双引号。
SQL> drop user test;
User dropped.
SQL> create user test identified by k*123$6;
create user test identified by k*123$6
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00922: missing or invalid option
SQL> create user test identified by 'k*123$6';
create user test identified by 'k*123$6'
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-00988: missing or invalid password(s)
SQL> create user test identified by "k*123$6";
User created.