[20170303]dg环境下在线日志损坏8.txt

[20170303]dg环境下在线日志损坏8.txt

--前面的测试,链接http://blog.itpub.net/267265/viewspace-2134481/
--前面的测试必须使用recover database using backup controlfile until change 13276911099; 才能恢复到结尾.
--但是由于主备库scn相差1,在open resetlog时备库的数据文件头scn号减1,采用应用日志.

--前面学习了解文件头fuzzy特性以及具体位置,对应kcvfhsta=0x0(标识NO).测试是否修改标识,来欺骗oracle保持一致,而不需要open resetlogs打开.

1.环境:
SYS@book> @ &r/ver
BANNER
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production

--//测试前最好清除归档以及备份.注意seq#=694的归档在我的测试要保留下来.恢复需要.
--//主库:
$ /bin/rm  /mnt/ramdisk/book/r*.log

2.前面的测试:
--//备库
SYS@book> @ &r/logfile
GROUP# STATUS TYPE       MEMBER                          IS_ GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE#       BYTES BLOCKSIZE MEMBERS ARC STATUS     FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME          NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME
------ ------ ---------- ------------------------------- --- ------ ------- --------- ----------- --------- ------- --- ---------- ------------- ------------------- ------------ -------------------
     1        ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/redo01.log    NO       1       1       695    52428800       512       1 NO  CURRENT      13276910949 2017-02-28 14:40:12 2.814750E+14
     2        ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/redo02.log    NO       2       1       693    52428800       512       1 YES INACTIVE     13276889179 2017-02-27 08:59:01  13276910486 2017-02-28 14:40:06
     3        ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/redo03.log    NO       3       1       694    52428800       512       1 YES ACTIVE       13276910486 2017-02-28 14:40:06  13276910949 2017-02-28 14:40:12
     4        STANDBY    /mnt/ramdisk/book/redostb01.log NO
     5        STANDBY    /mnt/ramdisk/book/redostb02.log NO
     6        STANDBY    /mnt/ramdisk/book/redostb03.log NO
     7        STANDBY    /mnt/ramdisk/book/redostb04.log NO
7 rows selected.

SYS@bookdg> select * from v$standby_log;
GROUP# DBID        THREAD# SEQUENCE#        BYTES    BLOCKSIZE         USED ARC STATUS     FIRST_CHANGE# FIRST_TIME          NEXT_CHANGE# NEXT_TIME           LAST_CHANGE# LAST_TIME
------ ----------- ------- --------- ------------ ------------ ------------ --- ---------- ------------- ------------------- ------------ ------------------- ------------ -------------------
     4 1337401710        1       695     52428800          512        78848 YES ACTIVE       13276910949 2017-02-28 14:40:12                                   13276911100 2017-02-28 14:42:35
     5 UNASSIGNED        1         0     52428800          512            0 NO  UNASSIGNED
     6 UNASSIGNED        0         0     52428800          512            0 YES UNASSIGNED
     7 UNASSIGNED        0         0     52428800          512            0 YES UNASSIGNED
--//LAST_CHANGE#=13276911100.而是可以确定最新的接收日志的文件是/mnt/ramdisk/book/redostb01.log.

3.拷贝到主库恢复看看.
--//备库,这次我直接拷贝到归档目录,按照格式命令为1_695_896605872.dbf.
$ scp /mnt/ramdisk/book/redostb01.log oracle@192.168.100.78:/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_695_896605872.dbf

--//尝试在主库恢复看看.
SYS@book> recover database  until change 13276911099;
ORA-00279: change 13276910487 generated at 02/28/2017 14:40:06 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_694_896605872.dbf
ORA-00280: change 13276910487 for thread 1 is in sequence #694

Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
auto
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00313: open failed for members of log group 1 of thread 1
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/mnt/ramdisk/book/redo01.log'
ORA-27037: unable to obtain file status
Linux-x86_64 Error: 2: No such file or directory
Additional information: 3
ORA-01112: media recovery not started

--//问题依旧.无法继续下去,缺少seq#=695.拷贝到/mnt/ramdisk/book/redo01.log看看:
$ cp  /u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_695_896605872.dbf /mnt/ramdisk/book/redo01.log

SYS@book> recover database  until change 13276911099;
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00341: log 1 of thread 1, wrong log # 4 in header
ORA-00312: online log 1 thread 1: '/mnt/ramdisk/book/redo01.log'

--//文件头识别错误,是否可以修改这个欺骗oracle,留下下次测试.
$ rm  /mnt/ramdisk/book/redo01.log

SYS@book> recover database using backup controlfile until change 13276911100;
ORA-00279: change 13276910949 generated at 02/28/2017 14:40:12 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_695_896605872.dbf
ORA-00280: change 13276910949 for thread 1 is in sequence #695

Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
auto
ORA-00283: recovery session canceled due to errors
ORA-00354: corrupt redo log block header
ORA-00353: log corruption near block 155 change 13276911099 time 02/28/2017 14:42:35
ORA-00334: archived log: '/u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_695_896605872.dbf'
ORA-01112: media recovery not started

--//使用using backup controlfile方式,但是注意最后ORA-01112: media recovery not started,也就是没有恢复.必须写成
SYS@book> recover database using backup controlfile until change 13276911099;
ORA-00279: change 13276910949 generated at 02/28/2017 14:40:12 needed for thread 1
ORA-00289: suggestion : /u01/app/oracle/archivelog/book/1_695_896605872.dbf
ORA-00280: change 13276910949 for thread 1 is in sequence #695
Specify log: {<RET>=suggested | filename | AUTO | CANCEL}
auto
ORA-01547: warning: RECOVER succeeded but OPEN RESETLOGS would get error below
ORA-01194: file 1 needs more recovery to be consistent
ORA-01110: data file 1: '/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf'
ORA-01112: media recovery not started

--//还是注意看提示,虽然后面提示ORA-01112: media recovery not started,实际上已经恢复到13276911099.

SYS@book> SELECT file#, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,CHECKPOINT_TIME,UNRECOVERABLE_CHANGE#,UNRECOVERABLE_TIME,LAST_CHANGE#,LAST_TIME, OFFLINE_CHANGE#, ONLINE_CHANGE#,status,name FROM v$datafile;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME     UNRECOVERABLE_CHANGE# UNRECOVERABLE_TIME  LAST_CHANGE# LAST_TIME           OFFLINE_CHANGE# ONLINE_CHANGE# STATUS     NAME
----- ------------------ ------------------- --------------------- ------------------- ------------ ------------------- --------------- -------------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------
    1        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                     0                                                               925701         925702 SYSTEM     /mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf
    2        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                     0                                                               925701         925702 ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/sysaux01.dbf
    3        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                     0                                                               925701         925702 ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/undotbs01.dbf
    4        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                     0                                                               925701         925702 ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf
    5        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35           13274819965 2017-01-16 22:00:05                                           952916         952921 ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/example01.dbf
    6        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                     0                                                                    0              0 ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf
6 rows selected.

SYS@book> SELECT file#, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#, CHECKPOINT_TIME,CREATION_CHANGE#  , RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,status, CHECKPOINT_COUNT,fuzzy,name,tablespace_name  FROM v$datafile_header;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME     CREATION_CHANGE# RESETLOGS_CHANGE# STATUS     CHECKPOINT_COUNT FUZ NAME                              TABLESPACE_NAME
----- ------------------ ------------------- ---------------- ----------------- ---------- ---------------- --- --------------------------------- ------------------------------
    1        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                7            925702 ONLINE                  838 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf    SYSTEM
    2        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35             1834            925702 ONLINE                  827 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/sysaux01.dbf    SYSAUX
    3        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35           923328            925702 ONLINE                  748 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/undotbs01.dbf   UNDOTBS1
    4        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35            16143            925702 ONLINE                  833 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf     USERS
    5        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35           952916            925702 ONLINE                  744 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/example01.dbf   EXAMPLE
    6        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35      13276257767            925702 ONLINE                  212 YES /mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf       TEA
6 rows selected.
--//现在一致了,也就是恢复已经到底了,实际上你正常的/mnt/ramdisk/book/redo01.log,完成后有一个日志的切换过程.而这里没有.

4.使用bbed修改fuzzy=NO,欺骗数据库是干净的数据库看看.
--//注意1点system文件kcvfh.kcvfhsta=0x2004.
BBED> p dba 1,1 kcvfh.kcvfhsta
ub2 kcvfhsta                                @138      0x2004 (KCVFHOFZ)

--//其他是
BBED> p dba 2,1 kcvfh.kcvfhsta
ub2 kcvfhsta                                @138      0x0004 (KCVFHOFZ)

--//建立脚本:
$ cat a.cmd
set count 8192
set width 210

assign dba 1,1 kcvfh.kcvfhsta=0x2000
sum dba 1,1 apply

assign dba 2,1 kcvfh.kcvfhsta=0x0
sum dba 2,1 apply

assign dba 3,1 kcvfh.kcvfhsta=0x0
sum dba 3,1 apply

assign dba 4,1 kcvfh.kcvfhsta=0x0
sum dba 4,1 apply

assign dba 5,1 kcvfh.kcvfhsta=0x0
sum dba 5,1 apply

assign dba 6,1 kcvfh.kcvfhsta=0x0
sum dba 6,1 apply

quit

$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed parfile=bbed.par cmdfile=a.cmd
...
--//输出略.

SYS@book> SELECT file#, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#,CHECKPOINT_TIME,UNRECOVERABLE_CHANGE#,UNRECOVERABLE_TIME,LAST_CHANGE#,LAST_TIME, OFFLINE_CHANGE#, ONLINE_CHANGE#,status,name FROM v$datafile;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME     UNRECOVERABLE_CHANGE# UNRECOVERABLE_TIME  LAST_CHANGE# LAST_TIME           OFFLINE_CHANGE# ONLINE_CHANGE# STATUS     NAME
----- ------------------ ------------------- --------------------- ------------------- ------------ ------------------- --------------- -------------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------
    1        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                     0                                                               925701         925702 SYSTEM     /mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf
    2        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                     0                                                               925701         925702 ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/sysaux01.dbf
    3        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                     0                                                               925701         925702 ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/undotbs01.dbf
    4        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                     0                                                               925701         925702 ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf
    5        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35           13274819965 2017-01-16 22:00:05                                           952916         952921 ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/example01.dbf
    6        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                     0                                                                    0              0 ONLINE     /mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf

6 rows selected.

SYS@book> SELECT file#, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#, CHECKPOINT_TIME,CREATION_CHANGE#  , RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,status, CHECKPOINT_COUNT,fuzzy,name,tablespace_name  FROM v$datafile_header;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME     CREATION_CHANGE# RESETLOGS_CHANGE# STATUS     CHECKPOINT_COUNT FUZ NAME                                               TABLESPACE_NAME
----- ------------------ ------------------- ---------------- ----------------- ---------- ---------------- --- -------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------
    1        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35                7            925702 ONLINE                  838 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf                     SYSTEM
    2        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35             1834            925702 ONLINE                  827 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/sysaux01.dbf                     SYSAUX
    3        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35           923328            925702 ONLINE                  748 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/undotbs01.dbf                    UNDOTBS1
    4        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35            16143            925702 ONLINE                  833 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf                      USERS
    5        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35           952916            925702 ONLINE                  744 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/example01.dbf                    EXAMPLE
    6        13276911099 2017-02-28 14:42:35      13276257767            925702 ONLINE                  212 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf                        TEA
6 rows selected.

--//现在应该相当于冷备份,看看是否可以直接open.由于在线日志不存在,需要重建.注意执行顺序.
SYS@book> alter database clear  logfile group 2 ;
Database altered.

SYS@book> alter database clear  logfile group 3 ;
Database altered.

SYS@book> alter database clear  unarchived logfile group 1 ;
Database altered.

SYS@book> alter database clear  logfile group 4 ;
Database altered.

--//现在是见证奇迹的时候^_^.
SYS@book> alter database open ;
alter database open
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01589: must use RESETLOGS or NORESETLOGS option for database open
--//还是不行.哈哈,采用建立控制文件的方法.

5.修改文件头加1看看.
select 13276911100,trunc(13276911100/power(2,32)) scn_wrap,mod(13276911100,power(2,32))  scn_base from dual
13276911100     SCN_WRAP     SCN_BASE
------------ ------------ ------------
13276911100            3    392009212

$ cat b.cmd
set count 8192
set width 210

assign dba 1,1 kcvfhckp.kcvcpscn.kscnbas=392009212
sum dba 1,1 apply

assign dba 2,1 kcvfhckp.kcvcpscn.kscnbas=392009212
sum dba 2,1 apply

assign dba 3,1 kcvfhckp.kcvcpscn.kscnbas=392009212
sum dba 3,1 apply

assign dba 4,1 kcvfhckp.kcvcpscn.kscnbas=392009212
sum dba 4,1 apply

assign dba 5,1 kcvfhckp.kcvcpscn.kscnbas=392009212
sum dba 5,1 apply

assign dba 6,1 kcvfhckp.kcvcpscn.kscnbas=392009212
sum dba 6,1 apply

quit
--//执行如下:
$ $ORACLE_HOME/bin/bbed parfile=bbed.par cmdfile=b.cmd

SYS@book> SELECT file#, CHECKPOINT_CHANGE#, CHECKPOINT_TIME,CREATION_CHANGE#  , RESETLOGS_CHANGE#,status, CHECKPOINT_COUNT,fuzzy,name,tablespace_name  FROM v$datafile_header;
FILE# CHECKPOINT_CHANGE# CHECKPOINT_TIME     CREATION_CHANGE# RESETLOGS_CHANGE# STATUS     CHECKPOINT_COUNT FUZ NAME                             TABLESPACE_NAME
----- ------------------ ------------------- ---------------- ----------------- ---------- ---------------- --- -------------------------------- ------------------------------
    1        13276911100 2017-02-28 14:42:35                7            925702 ONLINE                  838 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf   SYSTEM
    2        13276911100 2017-02-28 14:42:35             1834            925702 ONLINE                  827 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/sysaux01.dbf   SYSAUX
    3        13276911100 2017-02-28 14:42:35           923328            925702 ONLINE                  748 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/undotbs01.dbf  UNDOTBS1
    4        13276911100 2017-02-28 14:42:35            16143            925702 ONLINE                  833 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf    USERS
    5        13276911100 2017-02-28 14:42:35           952916            925702 ONLINE                  744 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/example01.dbf  EXAMPLE
    6        13276911100 2017-02-28 14:42:35      13276257767            925702 ONLINE                  212 NO  /mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf      TEA
6 rows selected.
--//scn=13276911100

6.建立控制文件看看:
SYS@book> alter database backup controlfile to trace as '/tmp/aaa1.txt' reuse;
Database altered.

--//关闭数据库执行如上脚本:

STARTUP NOMOUNT
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "BOOK" RESETLOGS FORCE LOGGING ARCHIVELOG
    MAXLOGFILES 16
    MAXLOGMEMBERS 3
    MAXDATAFILES 100
    MAXINSTANCES 8
    MAXLOGHISTORY 292
LOGFILE
  GROUP 1 '/mnt/ramdisk/book/redo01.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 2 '/mnt/ramdisk/book/redo02.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512,
  GROUP 3 '/mnt/ramdisk/book/redo03.log'  SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512
-- STANDBY LOGFILE
DATAFILE
  '/mnt/ramdisk/book/system01.dbf',
  '/mnt/ramdisk/book/sysaux01.dbf',
  '/mnt/ramdisk/book/undotbs01.dbf',
  '/mnt/ramdisk/book/users01.dbf',
  '/mnt/ramdisk/book/example01.dbf',
  '/mnt/ramdisk/book/tea01.dbf'
CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBK
;

--//需要使用RESETLOGS,使用NORESETLOGS报如下错误.
CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE DATABASE "BOOK" NORESETLOGS FORCE LOGGING ARCHIVELOG
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01503: CREATE CONTROLFILE failed
ORA-01192: must have at least one enabled thread

-- Configure RMAN configuration record 1
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP','ON');
-- Configure RMAN configuration record 2
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('DEVICE TYPE','DISK PARALLELISM 3 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET');
-- Configure RMAN configuration record 3
VARIABLE RECNO NUMBER;
EXECUTE :RECNO := SYS.DBMS_BACKUP_RESTORE.SETCONFIG('DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO','DISK');

ALTER DATABASE OPEN RESETLOGS;
-- Commands to add tempfiles to temporary tablespaces.
-- Online tempfiles have complete space information.
-- Other tempfiles may require adjustment.
ALTER TABLESPACE TEMP ADD TEMPFILE '/mnt/ramdisk/book/temp01.dbf' REUSE;

ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE '/mnt/ramdisk/book/redostb01.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512 REUSE;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE '/mnt/ramdisk/book/redostb02.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512 REUSE;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE '/mnt/ramdisk/book/redostb03.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512 REUSE;
ALTER DATABASE ADD STANDBY LOGFILE '/mnt/ramdisk/book/redostb04.log' SIZE 50M BLOCKSIZE 512 REUSE;

SYS@book> select * from v$database_incarnation ;
INCARNATION# RESETLOGS_CHANGE# RESETLOGS_TIME      PRIOR_RESETLOGS_CHANGE# PRIOR_RESETLOGS_TIM STATUS     RESETLOGS_ID PRIOR_INCARNATION# FLASHBACK_DATABASE_ALLOWED
------------ ----------------- ------------------- ----------------------- ------------------- ---------- ------------ ------------------ --------------------------
           1            925702 2015-11-24 09:11:12                       1 2013-08-24 11:37:30 PARENT        896605872                  0 NO
           2       13276911101 2017-03-03 15:04:35                  925702 2015-11-24 09:11:12 CURRENT       937667075                  1 NO
--//其他的INCARNATION#被清除了.

7.看看备库使用传输与应用日志:
--//主库执行:
SYS@book> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=defer scope=memory;
System altered.

SYS@book> alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2=enable scope=memory;
System altered.

--//备库执行:
SYS@bookdg> alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect ;
Database altered.

SYS@bookdg> @ &r/dg/dg
PROCESS       PID STATUS       CLIENT_P GROUP# THREAD#    SEQUENCE#       BLOCK#       BLOCKS   DELAY_MINS
--------- ------- ------------ -------- ------ ------- ------------ ------------ ------------ ------------
RFS          5581 IDLE         ARCH     N/A          0            0            0            0            0
RFS          5583 IDLE         LGWR     2            1            2           39            1            0
ARCH         5273 CLOSING      ARCH     6            1            1            1          419            0
MRP0         5579 APPLYING_LOG N/A      N/A          1            2           39       102400            0

--//OK这样可以传输与应用.

SYS@book> select rowid,t.* from scott.t where rownum<=3;
ROWID                        ID NAME
------------------ ------------ -----------
AAAWD4AAEAAAAIjAAA            1 AAAAAAAAAA
AAAWD4AAEAAAAIjAAB            2 bbbbbbbbbb
AAAWD4AAEAAAAIjAAC            3 cccccccccc

SYS@book> update scott.t set name=upper(name) where id=2;
1 row updated.

SYS@book> commit;
Commit complete.

--//看看备库的情况:
SYS@bookdg> alter database recover managed standby database cancel;
Database altered.

SYS@bookdg> alter database open ;
Database altered.

SYS@bookdg> select rowid,t.* from scott.t where rownum<=3;
ROWID                        ID NAME
------------------ ------------ -----------
AAAWD4AAEAAAAIjAAA            1 AAAAAAAAAA
AAAWD4AAEAAAAIjAAB            2 BBBBBBBBBB
AAAWD4AAEAAAAIjAAC            3 cccccccccc

--//说明一切ok.

总结:
--//试验N次,不存在那个方法更好,只是自己在学习的过程中更加理解oracle的备份与回复.
--//这样做就是不要修改备库的scn-1.
--//实际上我测试方法许多比如提升scn好,也是不行.

时间： 2024-09-20 14:31:51

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