RMAN 提示符下执行SQL语句

在手动恢复数据库时，有时候需要在SQL*Plus提示符以及操作系统提示符，RMAN提示符下来回切换显得有些繁琐。实际上RMAN为我们提供了命令行下执行一些简单的SQL语句以及PL/SQL的方法，以避免上述情形。本文描述了RMAN提示符下的一些常用命令及其用法。

1、RMAN提示符下执行SQL语句
     语法： SQL '<command>' ;
       语法比较简单，就是提示符下输入SQL，后接SQL命令，命令用单引号括起来
      command 通常为可执行的SQL命令语句，也可以为PL/SQL块

      使用限制
            如果SQL语句中包含文件名，则文件名及路径需要使用两个单引号括起来，整个SQL语句首尾需要使用双引号
            可以执行SQL查询语句，但是无任何结果输出

      RMAN提示符下常用的命令
            startup [nomount | mount], shutdown immediate
            alter system archive log current
            alter database open [resetlogs]

2、演示RMAN提示符下执行SQL语句

a、执行常用的starup, alter SQL 语句
robin@SZDB:~> export ORACLE_SID=GOBO1
robin@SZDB:~> rman target /

Recovery Manager: Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production on Tue Jun 4 11:04:26 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

connected to target database (not started)

RMAN> startup nomount;

Oracle instance started

Total System Global Area     536870912 bytes

Fixed Size                     2074080 bytes
Variable Size                314575392 bytes
Database Buffers             213909504 bytes
Redo Buffers                   6311936 bytes

RMAN> alter database mount;

using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
database mounted

RMAN> alter database open;

database opened

RMAN> list copy of archivelog all;   --->查看当前数据库的归档日志，列出了1个已归档日志

List of Archived Log Copies
Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time          Name
------- ---- ------- - ----------------- ----
2084    1    8       A 20130604 09:53:17 /u02/database/GOBO1/archive/arch_816906485_1_8.arc

RMAN> sql ' alter system archive log current ';   --->对当前日志进行归档

sql statement:  alter system archive log current 

RMAN> list copy of archivelog all;                --->归档后可以看到多出了1个已归档日志

List of Archived Log Copies
Key     Thrd Seq     S Low Time          Name
------- ---- ------- - ----------------- ----
2084    1    8       A 20130604 09:53:17 /u02/database/GOBO1/archive/arch_816906485_1_8.arc
2085    1    9       A 20130604 10:46:36 /u02/database/GOBO1/archive/arch_816906485_1_9.arc

b、执行SQL查询语句，如下，没有任何结果输出
RMAN> sql 'select sysdate from dual';     

sql statement: select sysdate from dual

RMAN> sql ' select * from v$database ';

sql statement:  select * from v$database 

-- Author : Robinson
-- Blog   : http://blog.csdn.net/robinson_0612

c、执行带有路径及文件名的SQL语句
--下面的执行那个中没有使用双引号开头以及双单引号括住路径，收到错误提示
RMAN> sql ' create tablespace ts1 datafile '/u02/database/GOBO1/oradata/ts1.dbf' size 10m ';

RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00569: =============== ERROR MESSAGE STACK FOLLOWS ===============
RMAN-00571: ===========================================================
RMAN-00558: error encountered while parsing input commands
RMAN-01006: error signalled during parse
RMAN-02001: unrecognized punctuation symbol "/"

--下面的SQL语句被成功执行
RMAN> sql "create tablespace ts1 datafile ''/u02/database/GOBO1/oradata/ts1.dbf'' size 10m";

sql statement: create tablespace ts1 datafile ''/u02/database/GOBO1/oradata/ts1.dbf'' size 10m

d、执行PL/SQL块
RMAN> sql ' begin dbms_lock.sleep(3); end;';

sql statement:  begin dbms_lock.sleep(3); end;

e、rman块命令方式执行PL/SQL块
RMAN> run{
2> sql ' begin dbms_lock.sleep(3); end; ';
3> }

sql statement:  begin dbms_lock.sleep(3); end; 

RMAN> run {
2> sql ' drop tablespace ts1 including contents and datafiles ';
3> }

sql statement:  drop tablespace ts1 including contents and datafiles 

RMAN> shutdown immediate;

database closed
database dismounted
Oracle instance shut down

f、切换到系统提示符下
RMAN> host;

robin@SZDB:~> exit
exit
host command complete

RMAN>

3、相关参考
Oracle 冷备份

Oracle 基于备份控制文件的恢复(unsing backup controlfile)