SplFixedArray主要是处理数组相关的主要功能,与普通php array不同的是,它是固定长度的,且以数字为键名的数组,优势就是比普通的数组处理更快。
看看我本机的Benchmark测试:
ini_set('memory_limit','12800M');
for($size = 10000; $size < 10000000; $size *= 4) {
echo PHP_EOL . "Testing size: $size" . PHP_EOL;
for($s = microtime(true), $container = Array(), $i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) $container[$i] = NULL;
echo "Array(): " . (microtime(true) - $s) . PHP_EOL;
for($s = microtime(true), $container = new SplFixedArray($size), $i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) $container[$i] = NULL;
echo "SplArray(): " . (microtime(true) - $s) . PHP_EOL;
}
结果如下:
Testing size: 10000
Array(): 0.004000186920166
SplArray(): 0.0019998550415039
Testing size: 40000
Array(): 0.017001152038574
SplArray(): 0.0090007781982422
Testing size: 160000
Array(): 0.050002098083496
SplArray(): 0.046003103256226
Testing size: 640000
Array(): 0.19701099395752
SplArray(): 0.16700983047485
Testing size: 2560000
Array(): 0.75704312324524
SplArray(): 0.67303895950317
通常情况下SplFixedArray要比php array快上20%~30%,所以如果你是处理巨大数量的固定长度数组,还是强烈建议使用。
SplFixedArray类摘要如下:
SplFixedArray implements Iterator , ArrayAccess , Countable {
/* 方法 */
public __construct ([ int $size = 0 ] )
public int count ( void )
public mixed current ( void )
public static SplFixedArray fromArray ( array $array [, bool $save_indexes = true ] )
public int getSize ( void )
public int key ( void )
public void next ( void )
public bool offsetExists ( int $index )
public mixed offsetGet ( int $index )
public void offsetSet ( int $index , mixed $newval )
public void offsetUnset ( int $index )
public void rewind ( void )
public int setSize ( int $size )
public array toArray ( void )
public bool valid ( void )
public void __wakeup ( void )
}
使用SplFixedArray:
$arr = new SplFixedArray(4);
$arr[0] = 'php';
$arr[1] = 1;
$arr[3] = 'python';
//遍历, $arr[2] 为null
foreach($arr as $v) {
echo $v . PHP_EOL;
}
//获取数组长度
echo $arr->getSize(); //4
//增加数组长度
$arr->setSize(5);
$arr[4] = 'new one';
//捕获异常
try{
echo $arr[10];
} catch (RuntimeException $e) {
echo $e->getMessage();
}
SplFixedArray和Array的性能测试
PHP文档专门说明:
The SplFixedArray class provides the main functionalities of array. The main differences between a SplFixedArray and a normal PHP array is that the SplFixedArray is of fixed length and allows only integers within the range as indexes. The advantage is that it allows a faster array implementation.
所以在处理大型的、以数字为索引的数组时,应该用SplFixedArray来代替普通Array。
下面是测试代码:
<?php
function pr() {
$params = func_get_args();
$env = php_sapi_name();
if ("cli" == $env) {
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
echo $value;
}
} else {
foreach ($params as $key => $value) {
echo "<pre>";
print_r($value);
echo "</pre>";
}
}
} // 用来打印输出结果
<?php
require dirname(__FILE__)."/function.php";
for ($size=1000; $size<=50000000; $size*=2) {
pr(PHP_EOL . "Testing size: $size" . PHP_EOL);
for($s = microtime(true), $container = Array(), $i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) {
$container[$i] = NULL;
}
pr( "Array(): " . (microtime(true) - $s) . PHP_EOL);
for($s = microtime(true), $container = new SplFixedArray($size), $i = 0; $i < $size; $i++) {
$container[$i] = NULL;
}
pr("SplArray(): " . (microtime(true) - $s) . PHP_EOL);
}
但是在我的测试机器上,这段代码出现了非常诡异的结果:
暂时想不出来是什么原因:难道是因为虚拟机内存太小,导致最后的SplFixedArray插入时需要不断GC才导致时间太长?