Delphi 2009泛型容器单元(Generics.Collections)[2]: TQueue<T>

TQueue 和 TStack, 一个是队列列表, 一个是堆栈列表; 一个是先进先出, 一个是先进后出.

TQueue 主要有三个方法、一个属性:

Enqueue(入列)、Dequeue(出列)、Peek(查看下一个要出列的元素);

Count(元素总数).

本例效果图:

代码文件:unit Unit1;
interface
uses
 Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms,
 Dialogs, StdCtrls;
type
 TForm1 = class(TForm)
  Memo1: TMemo;
  Button1: TButton;
  Button2: TButton;
  Button3: TButton;
  procedure FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
  procedure FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
  procedure Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
  procedure Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
  procedure Button3Click(Sender: TObject);
 end;
var
 Form1: TForm1;
implementation
{$R *.dfm}
uses Generics.Collections; {Delphi 2009 新增的泛型容器单元}
type
 TRec = record
  Name: string;
  Age: Word;
 end;
var
 Queue: TQueue<TRec>; {定义一个泛型 TQueue 类, 这指定了要用于上面定义的 TRec 记录}
{建立}
procedure TForm1.FormCreate(Sender: TObject);
begin
 Queue := TQueue<TRec>.Create;
 Memo1.Clear;
 Button1.Caption := Button1.Caption + ' 入列';
 Button2.Caption := Button2.Caption + ' 出列';
 Button3.Caption := Button3.Caption + ' 下一个出列的...';
end;
{释放}
procedure TForm1.FormDestroy(Sender: TObject);
begin
 Queue.Free;
end;
{入列: Enqueue}
procedure TForm1.Button1Click(Sender: TObject);
var
 rec: TRec;
begin
 rec.Name := StringOfChar(Char(65 + Random(26)), 3);
 rec.Age := Random(150);
 Queue.Enqueue(rec);
 Text := Format('当前队列成员总数: %d', [Queue.Count]);
 {让 Memo1 配合显示}
 Memo1.Lines.Add(Format('%s, %d', [rec.Name, rec.Age]));
end;
{出列: Dequeue}
procedure TForm1.Button2Click(Sender: TObject);
var
 rec: TRec;
begin
 if Queue.Count = 0 then Exit;
 rec := Queue.Dequeue;
 ShowMessage(Format('%s, %d', [rec.Name, rec.Age]));
 Text := Format('当前队列成员总数: %d', [Queue.Count]);
 {让 Memo1 配合显示}
 Memo1.Lines.Delete(0);
end;
{下一个出列的元素: Peek}
procedure TForm1.Button3Click(Sender: TObject);
var
 rec: TRec;
begin
 if Queue.Count = 0 then Exit;
 rec := Queue.Peek;
 ShowMessage(Format('%s, %d', [rec.Name, rec.Age]));
end;
end.

时间: 2024-10-27 22:31:23

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