Python作为一门功能强大的脚本语言来说，经常被用来写爬虫程序，下面是Python爬虫多线程抓取代理服务器。
现在抓取 http://www.proxy.com.ru 的代理服务器，这里的代理服务器更多，更简单。
下面代码可以直接用，代码如下：
#!/usr/bin/env python
#coding:utf-8
#BLOG: blog.linuxeye.com
import urllib2
import re
import threading
import time
import MySQLdb
rawProxyList = []
checkedProxyList = []
#抓取代理网站
targets = []
for i in xrange(1,42):
target = r"http://www.proxy.com.ru/list_%d.html" % i
targets.append(target)
#抓取代理服务器正则
p = re.compile(r'''<tr><b><td>(\d+)</td><td>(.+?)</td><td>(\d+)</td><td>(.+?)</td><td>(.+?)</td></b></tr>''')
#获取代理的类
class ProxyGet(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self,target):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.target = target
def getProxy(self):
print "代理服务器目标网站： " + self.target
req = urllib2.urlopen(self.target)
result = req.read()
#print chardet.detect(result)
matchs = p.findall(result)
# print matchs
for row in matchs:
ip=row[1]
port =row[2]
addr = row[4].decode("cp936").encode("utf-8")
proxy = [ip,port,addr]
print proxy
rawProxyList.append(proxy)
def run(self):
self.getProxy()
#检验代理的类
class ProxyCheck(threading.Thread):
def __init__(self,proxyList):
threading.Thread.__init__(self)
self.proxyList = proxyList
self.timeout = 5
self.testUrl = "http://www.baidu.com/"
self.testStr = "030173"
def checkProxy(self):
cookies = urllib2.HTTPCookieProcessor()
for proxy in self.proxyList:
proxyHandler = urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http" : r'http://%s:%s' %(proxy[0],proxy[1])})
#print r'http://%s:%s' %(proxy[0],proxy[1])
opener = urllib2.build_opener(cookies,proxyHandler)
opener.addheaders = [('User-agent', 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; WOW64; rv:22.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/22.0')]
#urllib2.install_opener(opener)
t1 = time.time()
try:
#req = urllib2.urlopen("http://www.baidu.com", timeout=self.timeout)
req = opener.open(self.testUrl, timeout=self.timeout)
#print "urlopen is ok...."
result = req.read()
#print "read html...."
timeused = time.time() - t1
pos = result.find(self.testStr)
#print "pos is %s" %pos
if pos > 1:
checkedProxyList.append((proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],timeused))
#print "ok ip: %s %s %s %s" %(proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],timeused)
else:
continue
except Exception,e:
#print e.message
continue
def run(self):
self.checkProxy()
if __name__ == "__main__":
getThreads = []
checkThreads = []
#对每个目标网站开启一个线程负责抓取代理
for i in range(len(targets)):
t = ProxyGet(targets[i])
getThreads.append(t)
for i in range(len(getThreads)):
getThreads[i].start()
for i in range(len(getThreads)):
getThreads[i].join()
print '.'*10+"总共抓取了%s个代理" %len(rawProxyList) +'.'*10
#开启20个线程负责校验，将抓取到的代理分成20份，每个线程校验一份
for i in range(20):
t = ProxyCheck(rawProxyList[((len(rawProxyList)+19)/20) * i:((len(rawProxyList)+19)/20) * (i+1)])
checkThreads.append(t)
for i in range(len(checkThreads)):
checkThreads[i].start()
for i in range(len(checkThreads)):
checkThreads[i].join()
print '.'*10+"总共有%s个代理通过校验" %len(checkedProxyList) +'.'*10
#插入数据库，表结构自己创建，四个字段ip,port,speed,address
def db_insert(insert_list):
try:
conn = MySQLdb.connect(host="localhost", user="root", passwd="admin",db="m_common",charset='utf8')
cursor = conn.cursor()
cursor.execute('delete from proxy')
cursor.execute('alter table proxy AUTO_INCREMENT=1')
cursor.executemany("INSERT INTO proxy(ip,port,speed,address) VALUES (%s,%s,%s,%s)",insert_list)
conn.commit()
cursor.close()
conn.close()
except MySQLdb.Error,e:
print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1])
#代理排序持久化
proxy_ok = []
f= open("proxy_list.txt",'w+')
for proxy in sorted(checkedProxyList,cmp=lambda x,y:cmp(x[3],y[3])):
if proxy[3] < 8:
#print "checked proxy is: %s:%s\t%s\t%s" %(proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],proxy[3])
proxy_ok.append((proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[3],proxy[2]))
f.write("%s:%s\t%s\t%s\n"%(proxy[0],proxy[1],proxy[2],proxy[3]))
f.close()
db_insert(proxy_ok)
测试结果如下：
# python -V
Python 2.6.6
# python proxy.py
['61.58.94.179', '8088', '\xe5\x8f\xb0\xe6\xb9\xbe\xe7\x9c\x81 \xe5\x8f\xb0\xe6\xb9\xbe\xe5\xae\xbd\xe9\xa2\x91\xe9\x80\x9a\xe8\xae\xaf\xe9\xa1\xbe\xe9\x97\xae\xe8\x82\xa1\xe4\xbb\xbd\xe6\x9c\x89\xe9\x99\x90\xe5\x85\xac\xe5\x8f\xb8']
['200.84.116.99', '9064', '\xe5\xa7\x94\xe5\x86\x85\xe7\x91\x9e\xe6\x8b\x89 ']
['183.223.204.8', '8123', '\xe5\x9b\x9b\xe5\xb7\x9d\xe7\x9c\x81\xe8\x87\xaa\xe8\xb4\xa1\xe5\xb8\x82 \xe7\xa7\xbb\xe5\x8a\xa8']
..........总共抓取了1921个代理..........
..........总共有524个代理通过校验..........
# more proxy_list.txt
202.106.169.142:80 北京市 联通ADSL 0.291432857513
111.13.136.59:80 北京市 移动 0.297957897186
111.13.136.56:80 北京市 移动 0.373070955276
111.206.81.248:80 北京市 联通 0.403017997742
111.13.136.58:80 北京市 移动 0.414332151413
124.202.217.134:8118 北京市 电信通 0.416817903519
124.202.183.218:8118 北京市 电信通 0.426618099213
120.132.71.232:80 北京市 联通 0.440200090408
61.232.6.164:8081 北京市 铁通 0.469615936279
118.144.96.253:80 北京市 电信通 0.485229969025
203.192.10.66:80 北京市 新华社 0.51485991478
124.202.182.22:8118 北京市 电信通 0.553130865097
数据库：
mysql> select * from m_common.proxy limit 10;
+----------+-----------------+------+----------+----------------------+---------------------+
| proxy_id | ip | port | speed | address | create_time |
+----------+-----------------+------+----------+----------------------+---------------------+
| 1 | 202.106.169.142 | 80 | 0.291433 | 北京市 联通ADSL | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
| 2 | 111.13.136.59 | 80 | 0.297958 | 北京市 移动 | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
| 3 | 111.13.136.56 | 80 | 0.373071 | 北京市 移动 | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
| 4 | 111.206.81.248 | 80 | 0.403018 | 北京市 联通 | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
| 5 | 111.13.136.58 | 80 | 0.414332 | 北京市 移动 | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
| 6 | 124.202.217.134 | 8118 | 0.416818 | 北京市 电信通 | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
| 7 | 124.202.183.218 | 8118 | 0.426618 | 北京市 电信通 | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
| 8 | 120.132.71.232 | 80 | 0.4402 | 北京市 联通 | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
| 9 | 61.232.6.164 | 8081 | 0.469616 | 北京市 铁通 | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
| 10 | 118.144.96.253 | 80 | 0.48523 | 北京市 电信通 | 2015-02-26 11:29:24 |
+----------+-----------------+------+----------+----------------------+---------------------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)