[20150228]启动问题.txt
--生产系统出现一个奇怪的问题，在服务器端看：
$ rlsql
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Feb 28 09:46:12 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to an idle instance.
SYS@test> quit
Disconnected
--奇怪服务端使用直接连接看不到数据库。
--仔细询问了一下，别人使用windows client 远程启动过这个数据库。
--如果在服务端使用sqlplus scott/xxxx@tns_alias 连接可以连上。我只好在自己的测试环境做这个测试。
--发现确实存在这个问题，自己做一个测试：
$ sysresv
IPC Resources for ORACLE_SID "test" :
Shared Memory
ID KEY
No shared memory segments used
Semaphores:
ID KEY
No semaphore resources used
Oracle Instance not alive for sid "test"
--没有相关信息。
SYS@40> oradebug setmypid;
Statement processed.
SYS@40> oradebug ipc
Information written to trace file.
SYS@40> oradebug tracefile_name;
/u01/app/oracle11g/diag/rdbms/test/test/trace/test_ora_25317.trc
Handle: 0x2a970040b0 `/u01/app/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/db_2/test'
Dump of unix-generic realm handle `/u01/app/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/db_2/test', flags = 00000000
Area #0 `Fixed Size' containing Subareas 0-0
Total size 0000000000220230 Minimum Subarea size 00000000
Area Subarea Shmid Stable Addr Actual Addr
0 0 21889024 0x00000060000000 0x00000060000000
Subarea size Segment size
0000000000221000 0000000001000000
....
-------------- system semaphore information -------------
------ Shared Memory Segments --------
key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status
0x00000000 21889024 oracle11g 640 4096 0
0x00000000 21921793 oracle11g 640 4096 0
0x7f1ca950 21954562 oracle11g 640 4096 0
------ Semaphore Arrays --------
key semid owner perms nsems
0xf0052be8 47546376 oracle11g 640 126
0xf0052be9 47579145 oracle11g 640 126
0xf0052bea 47611914 oracle11g 640 126
0xf0052beb 47644683 oracle11g 640 126
0xf0052bec 47677452 oracle11g 640 126
------ Message Queues --------
key msqid owner perms used-bytes messages
*** 2015-02-28 09:58:50.420
--为什么sysres与使用oradebug ipc 看到的不同呢？
--远程停止后，在服务器启动数据库：
SYS@test> oradebug setmypid
Statement processed.
SYS@test> oradebug ipc
Information written to trace file.
SYS@test> oradebug tracefile_name
/u01/app/oracle11g/diag/rdbms/test/test/trace/test_ora_26282.trc
$ sysresv
IPC Resources for ORACLE_SID "test" :
Shared Memory:
ID KEY
22020096 0x00000000
22052865 0x00000000
22085634 0x9e347558
Semaphores:
ID KEY
48005128 0x8eb7ef30
48037897 0x8eb7ef31
48070666 0x8eb7ef32
48103435 0x8eb7ef33
48136204 0x8eb7ef34
Oracle Instance alive for sid "test"
--查看转储文件，马上明白为什么？
Handle: 0x2a970040b0 `/u01/app/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/db_2test'
Dump of unix-generic realm handle `/u01/app/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/db_2test', flags = 00000000
Area #0 `Fixed Size' containing Subareas 0-0
Total size 0000000000220230 Minimum Subarea size 00000000
Area Subarea Shmid Stable Addr Actual Addr
0 0 22020096 0x00000060000000 0x00000060000000
Subarea size Segment size
0000000000221000 0000000001000000
-------------- system semaphore information -------------
------ Shared Memory Segments --------
key shmid owner perms bytes nattch status
0x00000000 22020096 oracle11g 640 4096 0
0x00000000 22052865 oracle11g 640 4096 0
0x9e347558 22085634 oracle11g 640 4096 0
------ Semaphore Arrays --------
key semid owner perms nsems
0x8eb7ef30 48005128 oracle11g 640 126
0x8eb7ef31 48037897 oracle11g 640 126
0x8eb7ef32 48070666 oracle11g 640 126
0x8eb7ef33 48103435 oracle11g 640 126
0x8eb7ef34 48136204 oracle11g 640 126
------ Message Queues --------
key msqid owner perms used-bytes messages
--看看Handle在db_2，test之间没有/.
--我只要修改ORACLE_HOME环境变量，加入/就可以了。重复测试看看。
$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/u01/app/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/db_2
$ export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/db_2/
$ sysresv
IPC Resources for ORACLE_SID "test" :
Shared Memory:
ID KEY
22151168 0x00000000
22183937 0x00000000
22216706 0x7f1ca950
Semaphores:
ID KEY
48300040 0xf0052be8
48332809 0xf0052be9
48365578 0xf0052bea
48398347 0xf0052beb
48431116 0xf0052bec
Oracle Instance alive for sid "test"
$ rlsql
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Sat Feb 28 10:14:32 2015
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SYS@test>
总结：
1.远程启动数据库，我测试了windows，linux都存在这个问题。
2.看来要避免sys口令泄露，或者回收sys口令，避免开发自己启动数据库。
3.另外说明1下，如果数据库没有开启，远程client要连接启动数据库，监听要配置静态注册。