问题描述
【举例】波兰语Śląskie中的Ś和ą字母显示的是?1.修改配置文件my.ini里的：default-character-set = utf8character-set-server = utf82.命令行设置：mysql> show variables like 'character%';+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+| Variable_name | Value |+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+| character_set_client | utf8 || character_set_connection | utf8 || character_set_database | utf8 || character_set_filesystem | binary || character_set_results | utf8 || character_set_server | utf8 || character_set_system | utf8 || character_sets_dir | C:Program FilesMySQLMySQL Server 5.5sharecharsets |+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------------+8 rows in set (0.05 sec)mysql> show variables like 'collation%';+----------------------+-----------------+| Variable_name | Value |+----------------------+-----------------+| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci || collation_database | utf8_general_ci || collation_server | utf8_general_ci |+----------------------+-----------------+3 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql>3.针对我创建的数据库，设置字符集为utf8：alter database 数据库名字 character set utf8;4.数据库表的字符集也是utf8mysql> show create table customer_info;+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| Table | Create Table |+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+| customer_info | CREATE TABLE `customer_info` ( `CUST_ID` int(11) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0', `CUST_CODE` varchar(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `CUST_NAME` varchar(100) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `CUST_CATE` char(1) DEFAULT 'N', `CURRENCY` char(3) DEFAULT 'EUR', `CONTINENT` char(1) DEFAULT 'E', `REGION` char(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `PROVINCE` varchar(30) DEFAULT '', `CITY` varchar(30) DEFAULT '', `ADDRESS` varchar(150) DEFAULT '', `ZIP` varchar(10) DEFAULT '', `EMAIL` varchar(100) DEFAULT '', `WEBSITE` varchar(100) DEFAULT '', `LINKMAN` varchar(50) DEFAULT '', `PHONE` varchar(20) DEFAULT '', `FAX` varchar(20) DEFAULT '', `SP_RATE` decimal(12,5) DEFAULT '1.00000', `DATE_FORMAT` varchar(20) DEFAULT 'dd MMM, yy', `STATUS` char(1) DEFAULT 'N', `REMARKS` varchar(200) DEFAULT '', `EDITOR` varchar(32) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `LAST_UPDATE` datetime DEFAULT NULL, `SHIP_REGION` char(2) NOT NULL DEFAULT '', `SHIP_PROVINCE` varchar(30) DEFAULT '', `SHIP_CITY` varchar(30) DEFAULT '', `SHIP_ADDRESS` varchar(150) DEFAULT '', `SHIP_ZIP` varchar(10) DEFAULT '', `TAX_ID` varchar(50) DEFAULT '', `OTHER_BRANDS` varchar(150) DEFAULT '', `COMP_TYPE` char(1) DEFAULT 'C', `SHOP_TYPE` char(1) DEFAULT 'S', `COMMENTS` text, `STORE_IMAGE` varchar(50) DEFAULT '', PRIMARY KEY (`CUST_ID`), UNIQUE KEY `CUSTOMER_INFO_CODE` (`CUST_CODE`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 |+---------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+1 row in set (0.02 sec)mysql>5.在.jsp文件里：contentType也设置了字符集为utf8；pageEncoding也设置为utf8基本上能设置的都设置了，还有什么需要设置的么？----------------附：1.mysql版本是5.52.mysql> show character set;+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen |+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+| big5 | Big5 Traditional Chinese | big5_chinese_ci | 2 || dec8 | DEC West European | dec8_swedish_ci | 1 || cp850 | DOS West European | cp850_general_ci | 1 || hp8 | HP West European | hp8_english_ci | 1 || koi8r | KOI8-R Relcom Russian | koi8r_general_ci | 1 || latin1 | cp1252 West European | latin1_swedish_ci | 1 || latin2 | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci | 1 || swe7 | 7bit Swedish | swe7_swedish_ci | 1 || ascii | US ASCII | ascii_general_ci | 1 || ujis | EUC-JP Japanese | ujis_japanese_ci | 3 || sjis | Shift-JIS Japanese | sjis_japanese_ci | 2 || hebrew | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew | hebrew_general_ci | 1 || tis620 | TIS620 Thai | tis620_thai_ci | 1 || euckr | EUC-KR Korean | euckr_korean_ci | 2 || koi8u | KOI8-U Ukrainian | koi8u_general_ci | 1 || gb2312 | GB2312 Simplified Chinese | gb2312_chinese_ci | 2 || greek | ISO 8859-7 Greek | greek_general_ci | 1 || cp1250 | Windows Central European | cp1250_general_ci | 1 || gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 || latin5 | ISO 8859-9 Turkish | latin5_turkish_ci | 1 || armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian | armscii8_general_ci | 1 || utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 || ucs2 | UCS-2 Unicode | ucs2_general_ci | 2 || cp866 | DOS Russian | cp866_general_ci | 1 || keybcs2 | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak | keybcs2_general_ci | 1 || macce | Mac Central European | macce_general_ci | 1 || macroman | Mac West European | macroman_general_ci | 1 || cp852 | DOS Central European | cp852_general_ci | 1 || latin7 | ISO 8859-13 Baltic | latin7_general_ci | 1 || utf8mb4 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8mb4_general_ci | 4 || cp1251 | Windows Cyrillic | cp1251_general_ci | 1 || utf16 | UTF-16 Unicode | utf16_general_ci | 4 || cp1256 | Windows Arabic | cp1256_general_ci | 1 || cp1257 | Windows Baltic | cp1257_general_ci | 1 || utf32 | UTF-32 Unicode | utf32_general_ci | 4 || binary | Binary pseudo charset | binary | 1 || geostd8 | GEOSTD8 Georgian | geostd8_general_ci | 1 || cp932 | SJIS for Windows Japanese | cp932_japanese_ci | 2 || eucjpms | UJIS for Windows Japanese | eucjpms_japanese_ci | 3 |+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+39 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> show collation -> ;+--------------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+| Collation | Charset | Id | Default | Compiled | Sortlen |+--------------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+| big5_chinese_ci | big5 | 1 | Yes | Yes | 1 || big5_bin | big5 | 84 | | Yes | 1 || dec8_swedish_ci | dec8 | 3 | Yes | Yes | 1 || dec8_bin | dec8 | 69 | | Yes | 1 || cp850_general_ci | cp850 | 4 | Yes | Yes | 1 || cp850_bin | cp850 | 80 | | Yes | 1 || hp8_english_ci | hp8 | 6 | Yes | Yes | 1 || hp8_bin | hp8 | 72 | | Yes | 1 || koi8r_general_ci | koi8r | 7 | Yes | Yes | 1 || koi8r_bin | koi8r | 74 | | Yes | 1 || latin1_german1_ci | latin1 | 5 | | Yes | 1 || latin1_swedish_ci | latin1 | 8 | Yes | Yes | 1 || latin1_danish_ci | latin1 | 15 | | Yes | 1 || latin1_german2_ci | latin1 | 31 | | Yes | 2 || latin1_bin | latin1 | 47 | | Yes | 1 || latin1_general_ci | latin1 | 48 | | Yes | 1 || latin1_general_cs | latin1 | 49 | | Yes | 1 || latin1_spanish_ci | latin1 | 94 | | Yes | 1 || latin2_czech_cs | latin2 | 2 | | Yes | 4 || latin2_general_ci | latin2 | 9 | Yes | Yes | 1 || latin2_hungarian_ci | latin2 | 21 | | Yes | 1 || latin2_croatian_ci | latin2 | 27 | | Yes | 1 || latin2_bin | latin2 | 77 | | Yes | 1 || swe7_swedish_ci | swe7 | 10 | Yes | Yes | 1 || swe7_bin | swe7 | 82 | | Yes | 1 || ascii_general_ci | ascii | 11 | Yes | Yes | 1 || ascii_bin | ascii | 65 | | Yes | 1 || ujis_japanese_ci | ujis | 12 | Yes | Yes | 1 || ujis_bin | ujis | 91 | | Yes | 1 || sjis_japanese_ci | sjis | 13 | Yes | Yes | 1 || sjis_bin | sjis | 88 | | Yes | 1 || hebrew_general_ci | hebrew | 16 | Yes | Yes | 1 || hebrew_bin | hebrew | 71 | | Yes | 1 || tis620_thai_ci | tis620 | 18 | Yes | Yes | 4 || tis620_bin | tis620 | 89 | | Yes | 1 || euckr_korean_ci | euckr | 19 | Yes | Yes | 1 || euckr_bin | euckr | 85 | | Yes | 1 || koi8u_general_ci | koi8u | 22 | Yes | Yes | 1 || koi8u_bin | koi8u | 75 | | Yes | 1 || gb2312_chinese_ci | gb2312 | 24 | Yes | Yes | 1 || gb2312_bin | gb2312 | 86 | | Yes | 1 || greek_general_ci | greek | 25 | Yes | Yes | 1 || greek_bin | greek | 70 | | Yes | 1 || cp1250_general_ci | cp1250 | 26 | Yes | Yes | 1 || cp1250_czech_cs | cp1250 | 34 | | Yes | 2 || cp1250_croatian_ci | cp1250 | 44 | | Yes | 1 || cp1250_bin | cp1250 | 66 | | Yes | 1 || cp1250_polish_ci | cp1250 | 99 | | Yes | 1 || gbk_chinese_ci | gbk | 28 | Yes | Yes | 1 || gbk_bin | gbk | 87 | | Yes | 1 || latin5_turkish_ci | latin5 | 30 | Yes | Yes | 1 || latin5_bin | latin5 | 78 | | Yes | 1 || armscii8_general_ci | armscii8 | 32 | Yes | Yes | 1 || armscii8_bin | armscii8 | 64 | | Yes | 1 || utf8_general_ci | utf8 | 33 | Yes | Yes | 1 || utf8_bin | utf8 | 83 | | Yes | 1 || utf8_unicode_ci | utf8 | 192 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_icelandic_ci | utf8 | 193 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_latvian_ci | utf8 | 194 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_romanian_ci | utf8 | 195 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_slovenian_ci | utf8 | 196 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_polish_ci | utf8 | 197 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_estonian_ci | utf8 | 198 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_spanish_ci | utf8 | 199 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_swedish_ci | utf8 | 200 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_turkish_ci | utf8 | 201 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_czech_ci | utf8 | 202 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_danish_ci | utf8 | 203 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_lithuanian_ci | utf8 | 204 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_slovak_ci | utf8 | 205 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_spanish2_ci | utf8 | 206 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_roman_ci | utf8 | 207 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_persian_ci | utf8 | 208 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_esperanto_ci | utf8 | 209 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_hungarian_ci | utf8 | 210 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_sinhala_ci | utf8 | 211 | | Yes | 8 || utf8_general_mysql500_ci | utf8 | 223 | | Yes | 1 || ucs2_general_ci | ucs2 | 35 | Yes | Yes | 1 || ucs2_bin | ucs2 | 90 | | Yes | 1 || ucs2_unicode_ci | ucs2 | 128 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_icelandic_ci | ucs2 | 129 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_latvian_ci | ucs2 | 130 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_romanian_ci | ucs2 | 131 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_slovenian_ci | ucs2 | 132 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_polish_ci | ucs2 | 133 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_estonian_ci | ucs2 | 134 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_spanish_ci | ucs2 | 135 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_swedish_ci | ucs2 | 136 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_turkish_ci | ucs2 | 137 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_czech_ci | ucs2 | 138 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_danish_ci | ucs2 | 139 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_lithuanian_ci | ucs2 | 140 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_slovak_ci | ucs2 | 141 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_spanish2_ci | ucs2 | 142 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_roman_ci | ucs2 | 143 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_persian_ci | ucs2 | 144 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_esperanto_ci | ucs2 | 145 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_hungarian_ci | ucs2 | 146 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_sinhala_ci | ucs2 | 147 | | Yes | 8 || ucs2_general_mysql500_ci | ucs2 | 159 | | Yes | 1 || cp866_general_ci | cp866 | 36 | Yes | Yes | 1 || cp866_bin | cp866 | 68 | | Yes | 1 || keybcs2_general_ci | keybcs2 | 37 | Yes | Yes | 1 || keybcs2_bin | keybcs2 | 73 | | Yes | 1 || macce_general_ci | macce | 38 | Yes | Yes | 1 || macce_bin | macce | 43 | | Yes | 1 || macroman_general_ci | macroman | 39 | Yes | Yes | 1 || macroman_bin | macroman | 53 | | Yes | 1 || cp852_general_ci | cp852 | 40 | Yes | Yes | 1 || cp852_bin | cp852 | 81 | | Yes | 1 || latin7_estonian_cs | latin7 | 20 | | Yes | 1 || latin7_general_ci | latin7 | 41 | Yes | Yes | 1 || latin7_general_cs | latin7 | 42 | | Yes | 1 || latin7_bin | latin7 | 79 | | Yes | 1 || utf8mb4_general_ci | utf8mb4 | 45 | Yes | Yes | 1 || utf8mb4_bin | utf8mb4 | 46 | | Yes | 1 || utf8mb4_unicode_ci | utf8mb4 | 224 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_icelandic_ci | utf8mb4 | 225 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_latvian_ci | utf8mb4 | 226 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_romanian_ci | utf8mb4 | 227 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_slovenian_ci | utf8mb4 | 228 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_polish_ci | utf8mb4 | 229 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_estonian_ci | utf8mb4 | 230 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_spanish_ci | utf8mb4 | 231 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_swedish_ci | utf8mb4 | 232 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_turkish_ci | utf8mb4 | 233 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_czech_ci | utf8mb4 | 234 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_danish_ci | utf8mb4 | 235 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_lithuanian_ci | utf8mb4 | 236 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_slovak_ci | utf8mb4 | 237 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_spanish2_ci | utf8mb4 | 238 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_roman_ci | utf8mb4 | 239 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_persian_ci | utf8mb4 | 240 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_esperanto_ci | utf8mb4 | 241 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_hungarian_ci | utf8mb4 | 242 | | Yes | 8 || utf8mb4_sinhala_ci | utf8mb4 | 243 | | Yes | 8 || cp1251_bulgarian_ci | cp1251 | 14 | | Yes | 1 || cp1251_ukrainian_ci | cp1251 | 23 | | Yes | 1 || cp1251_bin | cp1251 | 50 | | Yes | 1 || cp1251_general_ci | cp1251 | 51 | Yes | Yes | 1 || cp1251_general_cs | cp1251 | 52 | | Yes | 1 || utf16_general_ci | utf16 | 54 | Yes | Yes | 1 || utf16_bin | utf16 | 55 | | Yes | 1 || utf16_unicode_ci | utf16 | 101 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_icelandic_ci | utf16 | 102 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_latvian_ci | utf16 | 103 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_romanian_ci | utf16 | 104 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_slovenian_ci | utf16 | 105 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_polish_ci | utf16 | 106 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_estonian_ci | utf16 | 107 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_spanish_ci | utf16 | 108 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_swedish_ci | utf16 | 109 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_turkish_ci | utf16 | 110 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_czech_ci | utf16 | 111 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_danish_ci | utf16 | 112 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_lithuanian_ci | utf16 | 113 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_slovak_ci | utf16 | 114 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_spanish2_ci | utf16 | 115 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_roman_ci | utf16 | 116 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_persian_ci | utf16 | 117 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_esperanto_ci | utf16 | 118 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_hungarian_ci | utf16 | 119 | | Yes | 8 || utf16_sinhala_ci | utf16 | 120 | | Yes | 8 || cp1256_general_ci | cp1256 | 57 | Yes | Yes | 1 || cp1256_bin | cp1256 | 67 | | Yes | 1 || cp1257_lithuanian_ci | cp1257 | 29 | | Yes | 1 || cp1257_bin | cp1257 | 58 | | Yes | 1 || cp1257_general_ci | cp1257 | 59 | Yes | Yes | 1 || utf32_general_ci | utf32 | 60 | Yes | Yes | 1 || utf32_bin | utf32 | 61 | | Yes | 1 || utf32_unicode_ci | utf32 | 160 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_icelandic_ci | utf32 | 161 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_latvian_ci | utf32 | 162 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_romanian_ci | utf32 | 163 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_slovenian_ci | utf32 | 164 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_polish_ci | utf32 | 165 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_estonian_ci | utf32 | 166 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_spanish_ci | utf32 | 167 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_swedish_ci | utf32 | 168 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_turkish_ci | utf32 | 169 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_czech_ci | utf32 | 170 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_danish_ci | utf32 | 171 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_lithuanian_ci | utf32 | 172 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_slovak_ci | utf32 | 173 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_spanish2_ci | utf32 | 174 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_roman_ci | utf32 | 175 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_persian_ci | utf32 | 176 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_esperanto_ci | utf32 | 177 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_hungarian_ci | utf32 | 178 | | Yes | 8 || utf32_sinhala_ci | utf32 | 179 | | Yes | 8 || binary | binary | 63 | Yes | Yes | 1 || geostd8_general_ci | geostd8 | 92 | Yes | Yes | 1 || geostd8_bin | geostd8 | 93 | | Yes | 1 || cp932_japanese_ci | cp932 | 95 | Yes | Yes | 1 || cp932_bin | cp932 | 96 | | Yes | 1 || eucjpms_japanese_ci | eucjpms | 97 | Yes | Yes | 1 || eucjpms_bin | eucjpms | 98 | | Yes | 1 |+--------------------------+----------+-----+---------+----------+---------+197 rows in set (0.00 sec)
解决方案
还有很多地方涉及编码：比如Java或者JSP代码文件本身的编码。AP服务器设定的GET或者POST传输的编码。JDBC驱动连接时候指定的编码。如果内容是从外部文件读进来的，外部文件的编码也有影响。。。。如果能debug的话，可以看看在Java程序那边保存数据库之前在内存里面是否乱码了。如果没有，基本可以肯定是JDBC驱动连接的写法或者数据库编码的问题。如果已经乱了，可以从前台刚刚post到后台的时候debug看看数据是否乱码（或者是从文件里面读出来的时候），应该就是这时候乱了。这就是提交的数据没有正确编码。如果数据不是提交的，是写死在程序里面的固定字符串，那么乱了的话就是程序文件本身编码不是UTF8。不能debug的话就比较麻烦了，不过可以通过在上述地方加log来检测。代码根本不让动就没招了。
解决方案二：
mysql字符集编码字符集和整理整理 描述armscii8 (ARMSCII-8 Armenian)armscii8_bin 亚美尼亚语, 二进制armscii8_general_ci 亚美尼亚语, 不区分大小写ascii (US ASCII)ascii_bin 西欧 (多语言), 二进制ascii_general_ci 西欧 (多语言), 不区分大小写big5 (Big5 Traditional Chinese)big5_bin 繁体中文, 二进制big5_chinese_ci 繁体中文, 不区分大小写binary (Binary pseudo charset)binary 二进制cp1250 (Windows Central European)cp1250_bin 中欧 (多语言), 二进制cp1250_croatian_ci 克罗地亚语, 不区分大小写cp1250_czech_cs 捷克语, 区分大小写cp1250_general_ci 中欧 (多语言), 不区分大小写cp1251 (Windows Cyrillic)cp1251_bin 西里尔语 (多语言), 二进制cp1251_bulgarian_ci 保加利亚语, 不区分大小写cp1251_general_ci 西里尔语 (多语言), 不区分大小写cp1251_general_cs 西里尔语 (多语言), 区分大小写cp1251_ukrainian_ci 乌克兰语, 不区分大小写