只要保证
toIndex不大于size
并且
fromIndex不大于toIndex即可
(谁会传一个负数的下标呢?)
public List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex) { subListRangeCheck(fromIndex, toIndex, size); return new SubList(this, 0, fromIndex, toIndex); } static void subListRangeCheck(int fromIndex, int toIndex, int size) { if (fromIndex < 0) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("fromIndex = " + fromIndex); if (toIndex > size) throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException("toIndex = " + toIndex); if (fromIndex > toIndex) throw new IllegalArgumentException("fromIndex(" + fromIndex + ") > toIndex(" + toIndex + ")"); }
public static void main(String[] args) { ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>(); list.add("1"); int size = list.size(); System.out.println(size); System.out.println(list.subList(0, size)); System.out.println(list.subList(size, size)); }
1 [1] []
import org.junit.Test; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat; import static org.hamcrest.core.Is.is; /** * Created by MyWorld on 2016/1/21. */ public class SubListDemoTest { @Test public void ListSizeShouldEquals1_WhenSourceList9Step5() { List<Integer> sourceList = new ArrayList<Integer>(); for (int i = 0; i < 9; i++) { sourceList.add(i); } int step = 5; List<String> targetList = SubListDemo.split(sourceList, step); assertThat(targetList.size(), is(2)); } @Test public void ListSizeShouldEquals2_WhenSourceList10Step5() { List<Integer> sourceList = new ArrayList<Integer>(); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { sourceList.add(i); } int step = 5; List<String> targetList = SubListDemo.split(sourceList, step); assertThat(targetList.size(), is(2)); } @Test public void ListSizeShouldEquals3_WhenSourceList11Step5() { List<Integer> sourceList = new ArrayList<Integer>(); for (int i = 0; i < 11; i++) { sourceList.add(i); } int step = 5; List<String> targetList = SubListDemo.split(sourceList, step); assertThat(targetList.size(), is(3)); } }
import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; /** * Created by MyWorld on 2016/1/21. */ public class SubListDemo { public static List<String> split(List<Integer> list, int step) { List<String> listStr = new ArrayList<String>(); int size = list.size(); int times = size / step + (size % step == 0 ? 0 : 1); for (int i = 0; i < times; i++) { int fromIndex = i * step; int toIndex = (i + 1) * step; listStr.add(list.subList(fromIndex, (toIndex < size ? toIndex : size)).toString()); } return listStr; } }
tips:
java.util.List中有一个subList方法,用来返回一个list的一部分的视图。
List<E> subList(int fromIndex, int toIndex);
它返回原来list的从[fromIndex, toIndex)之间这一部分的视图,之所以说是视图,是因为实际上,返回的list是靠原来的list支持的。
所以,你对原来的list和返回的list做的“非结构性修改”(non-structural changes),都会影响到彼此对方。
所谓的“非结构性修改”,是指不涉及到list的大小改变的修改。相反,结构性修改,指改变了list大小的修改。
那么,如果涉及到结构性修改会怎么样呢?
如果发生结构性修改的是返回的子list,那么原来的list的大小也会发生变化;
而如果发生结构性修改的是原来的list(不包括由于返回的子list导致的改变),那么返回的子list语义上将会是undefined。在AbstractList(ArrayList的父类)中,undefined的具体表现形式是抛出一个ConcurrentModificationException。
因此,如果你在调用了sublist返回了子list之后,如果修改了原list的大小,那么之前产生的子list将会失效,变得不可使用。
tips: 如何删除一个list的某个区段,比如删除list的第2-5个元素?
方法是: 可以利用sublist的幕后还是原来的list的这个特性,比如
list.subList(from, to).clear();
这样就可以了。
示例代码:
public static void main(String[] args) { List<String> parentList = new ArrayList<String>(); for(int i = 0; i < 5; i++){ parentList.add(String.valueOf(i)); } List<String> subList = parentList.subList(1, 3); for(String s : subList){ System.out.println(s);//output: 1, 2 } //non-structural modification by sublist, reflect parentList subList.set(0, "new 1"); for(String s : parentList){ System.out.println(s);//output: 0, new 1, 2, 3, 4 } //structural modification by sublist, reflect parentList subList.add(String.valueOf(2.5)); for(String s : parentList){ System.out.println(s);//output:0, new 1, 2, 2.5, 3, 4 } //non-structural modification by parentList, reflect sublist parentList.set(2, "new 2"); for(String s : subList){ System.out.println(s);//output: new 1, new 2 } //structural modification by parentList, sublist becomes undefined(throw exception) parentList.add("undefine"); // for(String s : subList){ // System.out.println(s); // } // subList.get(0); }
一个很有趣的思考:如何最高效的实现一个list的split方法?
参见:http://stackoverflow.com/questions/379551/java-split-a-list-into-two-sub-lists。
http://www.cnblogs.com/gaojing/archive/2012/06/17/java-list-sublist-caution.html