项目决定数据存储使用Redis为主,Mysql只保存日志信息。需要对Redis的高可用及负载均衡做一个部署测试。测试使用虚拟机用。
测试环境
机器
母机:Ubuntu 4核 16G
虚拟机:centos6.5-64 单核 1G 独立ip 3个
虚拟机使用virtual box,centos为64位6.5.具体信息如下
192.168.0.231 Redis-master
192.168.0.231 Redis-slave
192.168.0.239 Virtual IP
软件
Reidis
Keepalived
安装前配置
虚拟机最小化安装,更新系统及安装必须组件
$ yum install -y openssl openssl-devel kernel kernel-devel gcc wget tcl libnl-devel
$ yum upgrade
$ reboot //重启系统
安装Keepalived
安装keepalived 下载地址:http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.13.tar.gz 安装:
$ wget http://www.keepalived.org/software/keepalived-1.2.13.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf keepalived-1.2.13.tar.gz
$ cd keepalived-1.2.13
$ ln -s /usr/src/kernels/`uname -r`-`uname -m`/ /usr/src/linux
$ ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/keepalived --sysconf=/etc
$ chkconfig --add keepalived
//查看是否成功
$ service keepalived status
安装redis
下载Redis,目前Redis的稳定版本是2.8.17,下载地址Redis-2.8.17
$ wget http://download.redis.io/releases/redis-2.8.17.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf redis-2.8.17.tar.gz
$ cd redis-2.8.17
$ make && make test
$ mkdir -p /usr/local/redis/{bin,var,etc}
$ cp ./src/{redis-benchmark,redis-cli,redis-server,redis-check-dump,redis-check-aof} /usr/local/redis/bin/
$ cp /usr/local/redis/bin/* /usr/local/bin/
配置
Master配置
先配置好Redis,主从复制成功之后再行配置Keepalived。
Master-Redis配置
$ vim /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf
修改如下值
daemonize yes
pidfile /var/run/redis.pid
port 6379
tcp-backlog 511
timeout 0
tcp-keepalive 0
loglevel notice
logfile "/usr/local/redis/log/redis.log"
databases 16
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
rdbcompression yes
rdbchecksum yes
dbfilename dump.rdb
dir /usr/local/redis/data
slave-serve-stale-data yes
slave-read-only no
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
slave-priority 100
appendonly yes
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
appendfsync everysec
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
lua-time-limit 5000
slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
slowlog-max-len 128
notify-keyspace-events ""
hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
hash-max-ziplist-value 64
list-max-ziplist-entries 512
list-max-ziplist-value 64
set-max-intset-entries 512
zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
zset-max-ziplist-value 64
activerehashing yes
client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
client-output-buffer-limit slave 256mb 64mb 60
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
hz 10
aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
Master-Keepalived配置
global_defs {
router_id redis
}
vrrp_script chk_redis {
script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh" ###监控脚本
interval 2 ###监控时间
timeout 2 ###超时时间
fall 3 ###重试次数
}
vrrp_instance redis {
state MASTER ###设置为MASTER
interface eth0 ###监控网卡
virtual_router_id 52
priority 101 ###权重值
authentication {
auth_type PASS ###加密
auth_pass redis ###密码
}
track_script {
chk_redis ###执行上面定义的chk_redis
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.239 ###VIP
}
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redsi_stop.sh
}
也可在本地编辑好后使用scp上传到服务器。 Master-keepalived脚本redis_master.sh:
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli"
LOGFILE="/usr/local/redis/var/keepalived-redis-state.log"
echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.0.232 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
sleep 10 #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态
echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
Master-keepalived脚本redis_backup.sh:
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli"
LOGFILE="/usr/local/redis/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"
echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
sleep 15 #延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色
echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.0.232 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
Backup配置
同样先配置好Redis,主从复制成功之后再行配置Keepalived。
Backup-Redis配置
$ vim /usr/local/redis/etc/redis.conf
修改如下值
daemonize yes
pidfile /var/run/redis.pid
port 6379
tcp-backlog 511
timeout 0
tcp-keepalive 0
loglevel notice
logfile "/usr/local/redis/log/redis.log"
databases 16
save 900 1
save 300 10
save 60 10000
stop-writes-on-bgsave-error yes
rdbcompression yes
rdbchecksum yes
dbfilename dump.rdb
dir /usr/local/redis/data
slave-serve-stale-data yes
slave-read-only no
repl-disable-tcp-nodelay no
slave-priority 100
appendonly yes
appendfilename "appendonly.aof"
appendfsync everysec
no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no
auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100
auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb
lua-time-limit 5000
slowlog-log-slower-than 10000
slowlog-max-len 128
notify-keyspace-events ""
hash-max-ziplist-entries 512
hash-max-ziplist-value 64
list-max-ziplist-entries 512
list-max-ziplist-value 64
set-max-intset-entries 512
zset-max-ziplist-entries 128
zset-max-ziplist-value 64
activerehashing yes
client-output-buffer-limit normal 0 0 0
client-output-buffer-limit slave 256mb 64mb 60
client-output-buffer-limit pubsub 32mb 8mb 60
hz 10
aof-rewrite-incremental-fsync yes
SLAVEOF 192.168.0.231 6379
Backup-Keepalived配置
global_defs {
router_id redis
}
vrrp_script chk_redis {
script "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh" ###监控脚本
interval 2 ###监控时间
timeout 2 ###超时时间
fall 3 ###重试次数
}
vrrp_instance redis {
state BACKUP ###设置为MASTER
interface eth0 ###监控网卡
virtual_router_id 51
priority 100 ###权重值
authentication {
auth_type PASS ###加密
auth_pass redis ###密码
}
track_script {
chk_redis ###执行上面定义的chk_redis
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.0.239 ###VIP
}
notify_master /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_master.sh
notify_backup /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_backup.sh
notify_fault /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
notify_stop /etc/keepalived/scripts/redsi_stop.sh
}
也可在本地编辑好后使用scp上传到服务器。 Master-keepalived脚本redis_master.sh:
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli"
LOGFILE="/usr/local/redis/var/keepalived-redis-state.log"
echo "[master]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being master...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.0.231 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
sleep 10 #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态
echo "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF NO ONE >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
Master-keepalived脚本redis_backup.sh:
#!/bin/bash
REDISCLI="/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli"
LOGFILE="/usr/local/redis/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"
echo "[backup]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
echo "Being slave...." >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
sleep 15 #延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色
echo "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..." >> $LOGFILE
$REDISCLI SLAVEOF 192.168.0.231 6379 >> $LOGFILE 2>&1
公共脚本配置
redis_chekc.sh
可以使用netcat来检测redis服务的状态.
安装nc,使用nc检测redis的服务而不是ping
$ wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/netcat/files/netcat/0.7.1/netcat-0.7.1.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf netcat-0.7.1.tar.gz
$ ./configure
$ make && make install
建立脚本:
$ vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh
脚本内容:
#!/bin/bash
ALIVE=`/usr/local/redis/bin/redis-cli PING`
if ["$ALIVE" == "PONG"] ;then
echo $ALIVE
exit 0
else
echo $ALIVE
exit 1
fi
redis_fault.sh
建立脚本:
$ vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh
脚本内容:
# !/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/usr/local/redis/var/keepalived-redis-state.log
echo "[faule]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
redis_stop.sh
建立脚本:
$ vim /etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh
脚本内容:
# !/bin/bash
LOGFILE=/usr/local/redis/var/keepalived-redis-state.log
echo "[stop]" >> $LOGFILE
date >> $LOGFILE
测试
主从复制测试
先打开Master上的Redis,再打开Backup上的Redis,分别查看info
$ redis-cli info
Master的rule显示master为正常,slave会显示为192.168.0.232
在Master上写入数据,在Backup读取
$ redis-cli set a hello //Master 写入数据
$ redis-cli get a //Backup 读取数据
"hello"
主从复制正常。
主从切换测试
先后启动Master和Backup上的keepalived,在Master上查看vip
$ ip a
enter image description here
从图中可以看出vip已经绑定在Master上,现在通过vip来进行数据测试
$ redis-cli -h 192.168.0.239 set a test
$ redis-cli -h 192.168.0.239 get a //测试虚拟ip数据读取
//在主机和从机上分别进行数据读取
$ redis-cli get a
enter image description here
从图中可以看出测试无问题。
现在关闭Master上的redis,来看VIP能否正常漂移,并进行数据测试。
$ killall -9 redis-server
$ redis-cli -h 192.168.0.232 info
enter image description here
现在给redis写入数据,测试看Master恢复服务后能否正常恢复数据
$ redis-cli -h 192.168.0.239 set a nihao
恢复Master上的Redis,查看ip a
$ service redis-server start
$ ip a
$ redis-cli get a
enter image description here
数据恢复,VIP切换回Master,Redis高可用环境搭建成功.