OCP1z0-047 : 外部表――不能被DML和建索引

首先看官方文档上的解释：

Managing External Tables

Oracle Database allows you read-only access to data in external tables. External tables are definedas tables that do not reside in the database, and can be in any format forwhich an access driver is provided. By providing the database with metadatadescribing an external table, the database is able to expose the data in theexternal table as if it were data residing in a regular database table. Theexternal data can be queried directly and in parallel using SQL.

You can, for example, select, join, or sort externaltable data. You can also create views and synonyms for external tables.However, no DML operations (UPDATE,INSERT, orDELETE) are possible, and no indexes can be created, on external tables.

External tables also provide a framework to unload theresult of an arbitrary SELECT statement into aplatform-independent Oracle-proprietary format that can be used by Oracle DataPump.

实验测试：

1、 创建一个外部表

（1）元数据：

[oracle@mydb ~]$more prod_master.dat

6,6,6,6,6,600

7,7,7,7,7,700

（2） 建目录

sys@OCM> create directory dir_gyj as '/home/oracle';  

Directory created.  

sys@OCM> grant read,write on directory dir_gyj to gyj;  

Grant succeeded.

(3)创建外部表

gyj@OCM> CREATE TABLE ext_gyj_costs
  2  (
  3    "CHANNEL_ID" NUMBER,
  4    "PROD_ID" NUMBER,
  5    "PROMO_ID" NUMBER,
  6    "TIME_ID" NUMBER,
  7    "UNIT_COST" NUMBER,
  8    "UNIT_PRICE" NUMBER
  9  )
 10  ORGANIZATION external
 11  (
 12    TYPE oracle_loader
 13    DEFAULT DIRECTORY dir_gyj
 14    ACCESS PARAMETERS
 15    (
 16      FIELDS TERMINATED BY "," LDRTRIM
 17      REJECT ROWS WITH ALL NULL FIELDS
 18      (
 19        "CHANNEL_ID" CHAR(255)
 20          TERMINATED BY ",",
 21        "PROD_ID" CHAR(255)
 22          TERMINATED BY ",",
 23        "PROMO_ID" CHAR(255)
 24          TERMINATED BY ",",
 25        "TIME_ID" CHAR(255)
 26          TERMINATED BY ",",
 27        "UNIT_COST" CHAR(255)
 28          TERMINATED BY ",",
 29        "UNIT_PRICE" CHAR(255)
 30          TERMINATED BY ","
 31      )
 32    )
 33    location
 34    (
 35      'prod_master.dat'
 36    )
 37  )REJECT LIMIT UNLIMITED;  

Table created.  

gyj@OCM> select * from ext_gyj_costs;  

CHANNEL_ID    PROD_ID   PROMO_ID    TIME_ID  UNIT_COST UNIT_PRICE
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
         6          6          6          6          6        600
         7          7          7          7          7        700

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