1.boost::any
boost::any是一种通用的数据类型，可以将各种类型包装后统一放入容器内
最重要的它是类型安全的。有点象COM里面的variant.
使用方法：
any::type() 返回包装的类型
any_cast可用于any到其他类型的转化
#include < boost / any.hpp > void test_any() { typedef std::vector < boost::any > many; many a; a.push_back( 2 ); a.push_back( string ( " test " )); for (unsigned int i = 0 ;i < a.size(); ++ i) { cout << a[i].type().name() << endl; try { int result = any_cast < int > (a[i]); cout << result << endl; } catch (boost::bad_any_cast & ex) { cout << " cast error: " << ex.what() << endl; } } }
2.boost::array
boost::array仅仅是对数组一层薄薄的封装，提供跟各种算法配合的iterator,使用方法很简单
注意：可以使用{}来初始化array,因为array所有的成员变量都是public的
#include < boost / array.hpp > void test_array() { array < int , 10 > ai = { 1 , 2 , 3 } ; for (size_t i = 0 ;i < ai.size(); ++ i) { cout << ai[i] << endl; } }
3.boost::lexical_cast
lexical_cast用于将字符串转换成各种数字类型(int,float,short etc.)
#include < boost / lexical_cast.hpp > void test_lexical_cast() { int i = boost::lexical_cast < int > ( " 123 " ); cout << i << endl;}
4.boost::format
boost::format是用于替代c里面的sprintf，优点是类型安全，不会因为类型和参数不匹配而导致程序崩溃了
而且还可以重复使用参数
#include < boost / format.hpp > void test_format() { cout << boost::format( " writing %1%, x=%2% : %3%-th try " ) % " toto " % 40.23 % 50 << endl; format f( " a=%1%,b=%2%,c=%3%,a=%1% " ); f % " string " % 2 % 10.0 ; cout << f.str() << endl;}
5.boost::tokenizer
boost::tokenizer是用于切割字符串的，类似于Java里面的StringTokenizer。
#include < boost / tokenizer.hpp > void test_tokenizer() { string s( " This is , a ,test! " ); boost::tokenizer <> tok(s); for (tokenizer <> ::iterator beg = tok.begin(); beg != tok.end(); ++ beg) { cout << * beg << " \n " ; } }
6.boost::thread
boost::thread是为了提供跨平台的thread机制。利用boost::function来完成委托。
#include < boost / thread.hpp > void mythread() { cout << " hello,thread! " << endl;} void test_thread() { boost::function < void () > f(mythread); boost::thread t(f); t.join(); cout << " thread is over! " << endl;}
7.boost::serialization
boost::serialization提供object的序列化功能。而且提供好几种序列化的格式，比如text,binary,xml
#include < boost / archive / text_oarchive.hpp > #include < boost / archive / text_iarchive.hpp > #include < boost / archive / xml_oarchive.hpp > void test_serialization() { boost::archive::text_oarchive to(cout , boost::archive::no_header); int i = 10 ; string s = " This is a test\n " ; to & i; to & s; ofstream f( " test.xml " ); boost::archive::xml_oarchive xo(f); xo & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(i) & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(s); boost::archive::text_iarchive ti(cin , boost::archive::no_header); ti & i & s; cout << " i= " << i << endl; cout << " s= " << s << endl;}
8.boost::function
boost::function就是所谓的泛函数，能够对普通函数指针，成员函数指针，functor进行委托，达到迟调用的效果
#include < boost / function.hpp > int foo( int x, int y) { cout << " (foo invoking)x = " << x << " y = " << y << endl; return x + y;} struct test { int foo( int x, int y) { cout << " (test::foo invoking)x = " << x << " y = " << y << endl; return x + y; } } ; void test_function() { boost::function < int ( int , int ) > f; f = foo; cout << " f(2,3)= " << f( 2 , 3 ) << endl; test x; /* f = std::bind1st( std::mem_fun(&test::foo), &x); */ boost::function < int (test * , int , int ) > f2; f2 = & test::foo; cout << " f2(5,3)= " << f2( & x, 5 , 3 ) << endl;}
9.boost::shared_ptr
boost::shared_ptr就是智能指针的实现，不象std::auto_ptr，它是可以stl的容器一起使用的，非常的方便
#include < boost / shared_ptr.hpp > class Shared { public : Shared() { cout << " ctor() called " << endl; } Shared( const Shared & other) { cout << " copy ctor() called " << endl; } ~ Shared() { cout << " dtor() called " << endl; } Shared & operator = ( const Shared & other) { cout << " operator = called " << endl; } } ; void test_shared_ptr() { typedef boost::shared_ptr < Shared > SharedSP; typedef vector < SharedSP > VShared; VShared v; v.push_back(SharedSP( new Shared())); v.push_back(SharedSP( new Shared()));}