问题描述
- spring使用JUnit时autowired报错，controller里面autowired可以的
-
试了好多办法还是不行，不知道哪里配错了。。麻烦大神帮看一下
异常信息：SEVERE: Caught exception while allowing TestExecutionListener [org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener@5f98de7] to prepare test instance [com.xxx.xxx.entity.UserTest@42d33bc1] org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'com.xxx.xxx.entity.UserTest': Injection of autowired dependencies failed; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.xxx.xxx.service.UserService com.xxx.xxx.entity.UserTest.service; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.xxx.xxx.service.UserService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:285) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.populateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1074) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.autowireBeanProperties(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:374) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:110) at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:75) at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:321) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:220) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:301) at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:303) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:240) at org.junit.runners.BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(BlockJUnit4ClassRunner.java:57) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70) at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363) at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:180) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit4.runner.JUnit4TestReference.run(JUnit4TestReference.java:50) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.TestExecution.run(TestExecution.java:38) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:459) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.runTests(RemoteTestRunner.java:675) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.run(RemoteTestRunner.java:382) at org.eclipse.jdt.internal.junit.runner.RemoteTestRunner.main(RemoteTestRunner.java:192) Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Could not autowire field: com.xxx.xxx.service.UserService com.xxx.xxx.entity.UserTest.service; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.xxx.xxx.service.UserService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:502) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.InjectionMetadata.inject(InjectionMetadata.java:84) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.postProcessPropertyValues(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:282) ... 26 more Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.NoSuchBeanDefinitionException: No matching bean of type [com.xxx.xxx.service.UserService] found for dependency: expected at least 1 bean which qualifies as autowire candidate for this dependency. Dependency annotations: {@org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired(required=true)} at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.raiseNoSuchBeanDefinitionException(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:920) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.doResolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:789) at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory.resolveDependency(DefaultListableBeanFactory.java:703) at org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor$AutowiredFieldElement.inject(AutowiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor.java:474) ... 28 moreUserTest.java
package com.xxx.xxx.entity; import org.junit.Ignore; import org.junit.Test; import org.junit.runner.RunWith; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration; import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner; import com.xxx.xxx.service.UserService; @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) @ContextConfiguration({"classpath*:**/applicationContext.xml","classpath*:**/springmvc-servlet.xml"}) public class UserTest { @Autowired UserService service; //@Ignore @Test public void userHPTest() { System.out.println(service.get("889e4d63ff024b29a173ab52ce174cc9")); } }UserServiceImpl.java（这个是service的实现）
package com.xxx.xxx.serviceimpl; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.stereotype.Service; import com.xxx.xxx.dao.BaseDao; import com.xxx.xxx.dao.UserDao; import com.xxx.xxx.entity.User; import com.xxx.xxx.service.UserService; @Service("userServiceImpl") public class UserServiceImpl extends BaseServiceImpl<User> implements UserService { @Autowired UserDao dao; @Override protected BaseDao<User> getDao() { return dao; } }applicationContext.xml(我感觉我可能是这里不对)
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util" xsi:schemaLocation=" http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/util http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-3.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.xxx.dao"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.xxx.daoimpl"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.xxx.service"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.xxx.serviceimpl"></context:component-scan> </beans>springmvc-servlet.xml（我在controller里autowired是没有问题的）
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.xxx.controller"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.xxx.dao"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.xxx.daoimpl"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.xxx.service"></context:component-scan> <context:component-scan base-package="com.xxx.xxx.serviceimpl"></context:component-scan> <mvc:annotation-driven/> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"> <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"></property> <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property> </bean> </beans>
解决方案
不好意思，我没看你的问题就先回答了。重新郑重回答一次：我按照你写的测试用例，测了下自己项目中的Service类，是可以的。报这个错还是说明你的UserService的实现类没有被扫描到，你检查下扫描路径看看，确定UserServiceImpl 和BaseUserServiceImpl 都在扫描路径下。
你让我也受教了，原来可以直接用SpringJunit测试，本人知识浅薄，以前竟然都是用那么原始的方法测试的。祝好！
解决方案二：
junit测试这个方法的时候你要自己去获取userService这个服务，junit单元测试其实是一个独立的单元测试，它跟Spring的容器是没有关系的。示例代码如下：我的spring的配置文件在WebContent/WEB-INF/config下。
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.FileSystemXmlApplicationContext;
import com.bohui.css.service.CurUserService;
import junit.framework.Assert;
import junit.framework.TestCase;
/**
* @title TestUserService
* @author WoodWang
* @description setUp中编写代码获取Bean实例
* @date 2015-4-11
* @version 1.1.0
*/
public class TestUserService extends TestCase {
private CurUserService userService;
@Override
protected void setUp() throws Exception {
ApplicationContext ac = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("WebContent/WEB-INF/config/applicationContext.xml");
userService = (CurUserService)ac.getBean("cuserService");
System.out.println(userService==null);
}
public void testGetValue(){
Assert.assertEquals(userService.getValue(), 10);
}
}
解决方案三：
谁帮我看看啊。。。真是不知道嗯么办
时间： 2025-01-24 08:52:10