C#Url操作类封装、仿Node.Js中的Url模块实例_C#教程

在实际开发中，需要用到的数据在url中，因此就需要我们来获取到url中有用的信息，涉及到查询、添加、修改、删除等操作，下面我们就具体来了解一下。

1.简单实例

目前常用Url操作，查询、添加、修改、删除链接参数，重构生成链接等功能。

 //string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net:8081";
//string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net/";
//string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net/abc";
// string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net/abc/1234.html";
string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net/abc/1234.html?name=张三&age=1234#one#two";
//string url = "http://www.gongjuji.net/abc/1234.html?name=&age=#one#two";
//string url = "/abc/123.html?name=张三&age=1234#one#two";
// string url = "https://mp.weixin.qq.com/debug/cgi-bin/apiinfo?t=index&type=%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86&form=%E8%8E%B7%E5%8F%96%E5%85%B3%E6%B3%A8%E8%80%85%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%A3%20/user/get";
UrlAnalyze _url = new UrlAnalyze(url);
JObject obj = JObject.FromObject(_url);
Console.WriteLine(obj);
//添加或修改参数
_url.AddOrUpdateSearch("page", "2");
_url.AddOrUpdateSearch("name", "李四");
//重新生成链接参数
Console.WriteLine(_url.GetUrl());
Console.WriteLine(_url.GetUrl(true));

2、实例：

识别字符串中的url

//string source = "工具集：http://www.gongjuji.net";
string source = @"工具集：
  http://www.gongjuji.net
  爱汉字：http://hanzi.tianma3798.cn";
List<string> result = UrlAnalyze.GetUrlList(source);
foreach (var item in result)
{
  Console.WriteLine(item);
}
//替换成a标签
string result2 = UrlAnalyze.ReplaceToA(source);
Console.WriteLine(result2);</string>

属性和部分功能模仿了Node.js的url模块

源代码定义：

/// <summary>
/// Url地址的格式化和反格式化
/// </summary>
public class UrlAnalyze
{
  /// <summary>
  /// 协议名称
  /// </summary>
  public string Protocol { get; set; }
  /// <summary>
  /// 是否以反斜杠结尾
  /// </summary>
  public bool Slashes { get; set; }
  /// <summary>
  /// 验证信息，暂时不使用
  /// </summary>
  public string Auth { get; set; }
  /// <summary>
  /// 全小写主机部分，包括端口
  /// </summary>
  public string Host
  {
    get
    {
      if (this.Port == null)
        return this.HostName;
      return string.Format("{0}:{1}", this.HostName, this.Port);
    }
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 端口，为空时http默认是80
  /// </summary>
  public int? Port { get; set; }
  /// <summary>
  /// 小写主机部分
  /// </summary>
  public string HostName { get; set; }
  /// <summary>
  /// 页面锚点参数部分 #one#two
  /// </summary>
  public string Hash { get; set; }
  /// <summary>
  /// 链接查询参数部分(带问号) ?one=1&two=2
  /// </summary>
  public string Search { get; set; }
  /// <summary>
  /// 路径部分
  /// </summary>
  public string PathName { get; set; }
  /// <summary>
  /// 路径+参数部分(没有锚点)
  /// </summary>
  public string Path
  {
    get
    {
      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(this.Search))
        return this.PathName;
      return PathName + Search;
    }
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 转码后的原链接
  /// </summary>
  public string Href { get; set; }

  /// <summary>
  /// 参数的key=value 列表
  /// </summary>
  private Dictionary<string, string=""> _SearchList = null;
  #region 初始化处理
  /// <summary>
  /// 空初始化
  /// </summary>
  public UrlAnalyze() { _SearchList = new Dictionary<string, string="">(); }
  /// <summary>
  /// 初始化处理
  /// </summary>
  ///<param name="url">指定相对或绝对链接
  public UrlAnalyze(string url)
  {
    //1.转码操作
    this.Href = HttpUtility.UrlDecode(url);
    InitParse(this.Href);
    //是否反斜杠结尾
    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PathName))
      this.Slashes = this.PathName.EndsWith("/");
    //初始化参数列表
    _SearchList = GetSearchList();
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 将字符串格式化成对象时初始化处理
  /// </summary>
  private void InitParse(string url)
  {
    //判断是否是指定协议的绝对路径
    if (url.Contains("://"))
    {
      // Regex reg = new Regex(@"(\w+):\/\/([^/:]+)(:\d*)?([^ ]*)");
      Regex reg = new Regex(@"(\w+):\/\/([^/:]+)(:\d*)?(.*)");
      Match match = reg.Match(url);
      //协议名称
      this.Protocol = match.Result("$1");
      //主机
      this.HostName = match.Result("$2");
      //端口
      string port = match.Result("$3");
      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(port) == false)
      {
        port = port.Replace(":", "");
        this.Port = Convert.ToInt32(port);
      }
      //路径和查询参数
      string path = match.Result("$4");
      if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(path) == false)
        InitPath(path);
    }
    else
    {
      InitPath(url);
    }
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 字符串url格式化时，路径和参数的初始化处理
  /// </summary>
  ///<param name="path">
  private void InitPath(string path)
  {
    Regex reg = new Regex(@"([^#?& ]*)(\??[^#]*)(#?[^?& ]*)");
    Match match = reg.Match(path);
    //路径和查询参数
    this.PathName = match.Result("$1");
    this.Search = match.Result("$2");
    this.Hash = match.Result("$3");
  }
  #endregion

  #region 参数处理
  /// <summary>
  /// 获取当前参数解析结果字典列表
  /// </summary>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public Dictionary<string, string=""> GetSearchList()
  {
    if (_SearchList != null)
      return _SearchList;
    _SearchList = new Dictionary<string, string="">();
    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Search))
    {
      Regex reg = new Regex(@"(^|&)?(\w+)=([^&]*)", RegexOptions.Compiled);
      MatchCollection coll = reg.Matches(Search);
      foreach (Match item in coll)
      {
        string key = item.Result("$2").ToLower();
        string value = item.Result("$3");
        _SearchList.Add(key, value);
      }
    }
    return _SearchList;
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 获取查询参数的值
  /// </summary>
  ///<param name="key">键
  /// <returns></returns>
  public string GetSearchValue(string key)
  {
    return _SearchList[key];
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 添加参数key=value,如果值已经存在则修改
  /// </summary>
  ///<param name="key">键
  ///<param name="value">值
  /// <returns></returns>
  public void AddOrUpdateSearch(string key, string value, bool Encode = false)
  {
    if (Encode)
      value = HttpUtility.UrlEncode(value);
    //判断指定键值是否存在
    if (_SearchList.ContainsKey(key))
    {
      _SearchList[key] = value;
    }
    else
    {
      _SearchList.Add(key, value);
    }
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 删除指定key 的键值对
  /// </summary>
  ///<param name="key">键
  public void Remove(string key)
  {
    if (_SearchList.Any(q => q.Key == key))
      _SearchList.Remove(key);
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 获取锚点列表
  /// </summary>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public List<string> GetHashList()
  {
    List<string> list = new List<string>();
    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Hash))
    {
      list = Hash.Split('#').Where(q => string.IsNullOrEmpty(q) == false)
        .ToList();
    }
    return list;
  }
  #endregion
  /// <summary>
  /// 获取最终url地址,
  /// 对参数值就行UrlEncode 编码后，有可能和原链接不相同
  /// </summary>
  /// <returns></returns>
  public string GetUrl(bool EncodeValue = false)
  {
    StringBuilder builder = new StringBuilder();
    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(Protocol))
    {
      //如果有协议
      builder.Append(Protocol).Append("://");
    }
    //如果有主机标识
    builder.Append(Host);
    //如果有目录和参数
    if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(PathName))
    {
      string pathname = PathName;
      if (pathname.EndsWith("/"))
        pathname = pathname.Substring(0, pathname.Length - 1);
      builder.Append(pathname);
    }
    //判断是否反斜杠
    if (Slashes)
    {
      builder.Append("/");
    }
    Dictionary<string, string=""> searchList = GetSearchList();
    if (searchList != null && searchList.Count > 0)
    {
      builder.Append("?");
      bool isFirst = true;
      foreach (var item in searchList)
      {
        if (isFirst == false)
        {
          builder.Append("&");
        }
        isFirst = false;
        builder.AppendFormat("{0}={1}", item.Key, EncodeValue ? HttpUtility.UrlEncode(item.Value) : item.Value);
      }
    }
    //锚点
    builder.Append(Hash);
    return builder.ToString();
  }
  #region 静态方法
  /// <summary>
  /// 获取源字符串中所有的链接（可能有重复）
  /// </summary>
  ///<param name="content">源字符串
  /// <returns></returns>
  public static List<string> GetUrlList(string content)
  {
    List<string> list = new List<string>();
    Regex re = new Regex(@"(?<url>http(s)?://([\w-]+\.)+[\w-]+(/[\w- ./?%&=]*)?)");
    MatchCollection mc = re.Matches(content);
    foreach (Match m in mc)
    {
      if (m.Success)
      {
        string url = m.Result("${url}");
        list.Add(url);
      }
    }
    return list;
  }
  /// <summary>
  /// 将字符串中的链接成标签
  /// </summary>
  ///<param name="content">
  /// <returns></returns>
  public static string ReplaceToA(string content)
  {
    Regex re = new Regex(@"(?<url>http(s)?://([\w-]+\.)+[\w-]+(/[\w- ./?%&=]*)?)");
    MatchCollection mc = re.Matches(content);
    foreach (Match m in mc)
    {
      content = content.Replace(m.Result("${url}"), String.Format("</url>{0}", m.Result("${url}")));
    }
    return content;
  }
  #endregion
}</url></string></string></string></string,></string></string></string></string,></string,></string,></string,>

所属源代码库：https://github.com/tianma3798/Common

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