一、checkinstall的安装
目前最新版本是1.6.2，可以按下面的方式下载安装。
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| wget http://asic-linux.com.mx/~izto/checkinstall/files/source/checkinstall-1.6.2.tar.gz tar zxvf checkinstall-1.6.2.tar.gz cd checkinstall-1.6.2 make && make install |
|
不过我在centos6.5 X64上安装时，并不像上面写的那么简单就可以使用，在安装过程中可能会遇到如下的问题，需要解决。
问题1、make时msgfmt报错
报错内容为：
/bin/sh: line 5: msgfmt: command not found
make: *** [all] Error 1
这里可以通过安装gettext包解决：
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| [root@localhost ~]# rpm -qf /usr/bin/msgfmt gettext-0.17-16.el6.x86_64 |
|
问题2、make时installwatch报错
报错内容如下：
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| [root@localhost checkinstall-1.6.2]# make for file in locale/checkinstall-*.po ; do case ${file} in locale/checkinstall-template.po) ;; *) out=`echo $file | sed -s 's/po/mo/'` ; msgfmt -o ${out} ${file} ; if [ $? != 0 ] ; then exit 1 ; fi ; ;; esac ; done make -C installwatch make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/checkinstall-1.6.2/installwatch' gcc -Wall -c -D_GNU_SOURCE -DPIC -fPIC -D_REENTRANT -DVERSION="0.7.0beta7" installwatch.c installwatch.c:2942: error: conflicting types for ‘readlink’ /usr/include/unistd.h:828: note: previous declaration of ‘readlink’ was here installwatch.c:3080: error: conflicting types for ‘scandir’ /usr/include/dirent.h:252: note: previous declaration of ‘scandir’ was here make[1]: *** [installwatch.o] Error 1 make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/local/src/checkinstall-1.6.2/installwatch' make: *** [all] Error 2 |
|
出现该错误需要修改installwatch/installwatch.c文件，具体需要修改的部分如下：
将101行处修改
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
|
static int (*true_scandir)( const char *,struct dirent ***, int (*)(const struct dirent *), int (*)(const void *,const void *)); 改为: static int (*true_scandir)( const char *,struct dirent ***, int (*)(const struct dirent *), int (*)(const struct dirent **,const struct dirent **)); 将121行处修改: static int (*true_scandir64)( const char *,struct dirent64 ***, #if (GLIBC_MINOR <= 4) int scandir( const char *dir,struct dirent ***namelist, int scandir64( const char *dir,struct dirent64 ***namelist, |
|
完成后再进行make即可。
在ubuntu上安装时，由于可以直接使用apt进行安装，所以没有遇到上面所说的问题，在centos上遇到的问题参考了：http://www.patrickmin.com/linux/tip.php?name=checkinstall_fedora_13
问题3、rpmbuild报错
前面两个问题解决完成后，checkinstall看起来已经正常，不过在使用过程中还会遇到如下的报错。
/root/rpmbuild has no SOURCES directory. Please write the path to
the RPM source directory tree:
出现该问题的原因，是因为checkinstall还是需要rpmbuild做底层支撑，如果没有安装rpmbuild时，会出现上面的报错。解决方法如下：
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| yum install gcc rpm-build pcre-devel rpmdevtools | |
安装完成后，需要再运行rpmdev-setuptree命令创建目录查看，具体如下：
#rpmdev-setuptree
#cd /root
#tree -L 1 rpmbuild/
rpmbuild/
├── BUILD
├── RPMS
├── SOURCES
├── SPECS
└── SRPMS
问题4、ld.so报错
该出错是出现在x64系统下的，x86系统下没有该问题。此处的报错也是在checkinstall生成rpm包的过程中，报错内容为：
ERROR: ld.so: object '/usr/local/lib64/installwatch.so' from LD_PRELOAD cannot be preloaded: ignored.
解决方法如下：
[root@localhost ~]# echo "/usr/local/lib64" >/etc/ld.so.conf.d/installwatch.conf
[root@localhost ~]# ln -s /usr/local/lib/installwatch.so /usr/local/lib64/installwatch.so
[root@localhost ~]# ldconfig
二、checkinstall制作rpm包
这里以tengine为例，制作一个tengine的rpm包，具体步骤如下：
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| [root@localhost src]tar zxvf tengine-2.0.1.tar.gz [root@localhost src]cd tengine-2.0.1 [root@localhost tengine-2.0.1]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log --pid-path=/var/run/nginx.pid --lock-path=/var/run/nginx.lock --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/client_temp --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/proxy_temp --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/fastcgi_temp --http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/uwsgi_temp --http-scgi-temp-path=/var/cache/nginx/scgi_temp --with-pcre --with-http_realip_module --with-http_addition_module --with-http_sub_module --with-http_dav_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_random_index_module --with-http_secure_link_module --with-file-aio --with-http_upstream_check_module --with-http_limit_conn_module=shared --with-http_limit_req_module=shared [root@localhost tengine-2.0.1]#make [root@localhost tengine-2.0.1]# checkinstall checkinstall 1.6.2, Copyright 2009 Felipe Eduardo Sanchez Diaz Duran This software is released under the GNU GPL. The package documentation directory ./doc-pak does not exist. Should I create a default set of package docs? [y]: y Preparing package documentation...OK Please choose the packaging method you want to use. Slackware [S], RPM [R] or Debian [D]? R Please write a description for the package. End your description with an empty line or EOF. >> tengine for 361way.com order by yang >> ************************************** **** RPM package creation selected *** ************************************** This package will be built according to these values: 1 - Summary: [ tengine for 361way.com order by yang ] 2 - Name: [ tengine ] 3 - Version: [ 2.0.1 ] 4 - Release: [ 1 ] 5 - License: [ GPL ] 6 - Group: [ Applications/System ] 7 - Architecture: [ x86_64 ] 8 - Source location: [ tengine-2.0.1 ] 9 - Alternate source location: [ ] 10 - Requires: [ ] 11 - Provides: [ tengine ] Enter a number to change any of them or press ENTER to continue: Installing with make install... ========================= Installation results =========================== make -f objs/Makefile install make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/local/src/tengine-2.0.1' test -d '/usr/local' || mkdir -p '/usr/local' ……………………………………………………省略 ********************************************************************** Done. The new package has been saved to /root/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/tengine-2.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm You can install it in your system anytime using: rpm -i tengine-2.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm ********************************************************************** |
|
完成后就可以取刚刚生成的rpm包到相同系统的主机上安装使用，安装前也可以通过以下命令查看详细的rpm包信息：
| 代码如下 | 复制代码 |
| [root@kvm ~]# rpm -qpi tengine-2.0.1-1.x86_64.rpm Name : tengine Relocations: (not relocatable) Version : 2.0.1 Vendor: (none) Release : 1 Build Date: Tue 06 May 2014 10:39:02 AM CST Install Date: (not installed) Build Host: localhost Group : Applications/System Source RPM: tengine-2.0.1-1.src.rpm Size : 2345906 License: GPL Signature : (none) Packager : checkinstall-1.6.2 Summary : tengine for 361way.com order by yang Description : tengine for 361way.com order by yang |
|
注：此时的rpm包在其他主机上通过rpm -i 安装使用时可能会遇到错误，因为在编译的时候我们自定义了很多参数。例出上面的tengine rpm 在使用时就会报错如下：
#nginx
nginx: [emerg] getpwnam("nginx") failed
报错原因很简单，因为我们编译的时候使用了--user=nginx --group=nginx 参数，而在新的主机上因为不存在该用户所以会报错 。如果想完会解决此类问题，可以在编译前修改下install文件或make文件，将新建用户，新建一些自定义目录都添加下，再编译生成rpm包就OK了。