画直线时,用户只有在松开鼠标才能看见直线,对直线的变化不能进行实时观测。这是因为鼠标移动时程序没有进行某种应。Delphi定义了OnMouseMove事件来响应鼠标移动。以下代码可使用户随时观测直线的变化:
procedure TForm1.FormMouseMove(Sender:Tobject)
begin
Drowto(X,Y);
Moveto(origin);
end.
origin是起始点。
5.2.3 绘图功能的实现
绘图软件常根据用户的要求改变绘图工具。Graphex.dpr例程中,当用户按下某个按钮时,可选择绘图工具中的画笔或画刷,在程序类型说明部分定义了五种绘图工具。
type
TDrawingTool = (dtLine,dtRectangle,dtEllips,dtRoundRect,dtPolygon);
当选中某种按钮,则选中了相应的绘图工具,如:
procedure TForm1.LineButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
DrawingTool := dtLine;
end;
procedure TForm1.RectangleButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
DrawingTool := dtRectangle;
end;
procedure TForm1.EllipseButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
DrawingTool := dtEllipse;
end;
procedure TForm1.RoundRectButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
DrawingTool := dtRoundRect;
end;
procedure TForm1.PolygonButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
DrawingTool :=dtPolygon;
end;
DrawShape过程定义了每种绘图工具的动作:
procedure TForm1.DrawShape(TopLeft, BottomRight: TPoint; AMode: TPenMode);
begin
with Image.Canvas do
begin
Pen.Mode := AMode;
case DrawingTool of
dtLine: begin
MoveTo(TopLeft.X, TopLeft.Y);
LineTo(BottomRight.X, BottomRight.Y);
end;
dtRectangle: Rectangle(TopLeft.X, TopLeft.Y, BottomRight.X, BottomRight.Y);
dtEllipse: Ellipse(TopLeft.X, TopLeft.Y, BottomRight.X, BottomRight.Y);
dtRoundRect: RoundRect(TopLeft.X, TopLeft.Y, BottomRight.X, BottomRight.Y,
(TopLeft.X - BottomRight.X) div 2, (TopLeft.Y - BottomRight.Y) div 2);
dtPolygon:Polygon([Point(0,0),TopLeft,BottomRight]); end;
end;
end;
程序刚运行时,只有一个工具栏。当用户单击画笔和画刷时,则出现相应的工具栏,如图5.4。其代码如下:
procedure TForm1.PenButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
PenBar.Visible := PenButton.Down;
end;
procedure TForm1.BrushButtonClick(Sender: TObject);
begin
BrushBar.Visible := BrushButton.Down;
end;
在设计绘图程序时,还要解决一些问题。如为了在鼠标移动时能观测图形的变化,我们定义了OnMouseMove事件。但会出现这样的现象,当鼠标进入绘图区时,用户未按下鼠标键,画布上却出现绘制的图形,这是我们不希望看到的。其原因是没有对鼠标按钮是否按下进行判断。因此在窗体对象中定义了drawing的域,当鼠标按钮按下时,drawing 设置成真值。只有drawing为真,鼠标移动才执行绘图功能;当鼠标键松开时,drawing设置成假,鼠标移动将不执行绘图动作。
另外一个问题是, 我们希望得到的是鼠标按钮按下和松开这两点所形成的图形,但OnMouseMove却把鼠标轨迹上各点与起始点所形成的所有图形画在屏幕上,这同样是我们不希望看到的,为了解决这些问题,程序定义了鼠标的三个事件:
procedure TForm1.FormMouseDown(Sender: TObject; Button: TMouseButton;
Shift: TShiftState; X, Y: Integer);
begin
Drawing := True;
Image.Canvas.MoveTo(X, Y);
Origin := Point(X, Y);
MovePt := Origin;
OriginPanel.Caption := Format('Origin: (%d, %d)', [X, Y]);
end;
procedure TForm1.FormMouseUp(Sender: TObject; Button: TMouseButton;
Shift: TShiftState; X, Y: Integer);
begin
if Drawing then
DrawShape(Origin, Point(X, Y), pmCopy);
Drawing := False;
end;
procedure TForm1.FormMouseMove(Sender: TObject; Shift: TShiftState; X,
Y: Integer);
begin
if Drawing then
begin
DrawShape(Origin, MovePt, pmNotXor);
MovePt := Point(X, Y);
DrawShape(Origin, MovePt, pmNotXor);
end;
MovePt用来记录鼠标当前位置。当下次鼠标移动时, 就能在上次鼠标绘制的图形上画一个形状、大小一样的图形,并把画笔颜色设置成PmNotXor,使上次绘制的图形颜色变成了屏幕颜色,从而达到“橡皮擦”的效果。
将画笔、画刷的Style属性设置成用户希望的值,可实现对画笔和画刷风格的选择。
procedure TForm1.SetBrushStyle(Sender: TObject);
begin
with Image.Canvas.Brush do
begin
if Sender = SolidBrush then Style := bsSolid
else if Sender = ClearBrush then Style := bsClear
else if Sender = HorizontalBrush then Style := bsHorizontal
else if Sender = VerticalBrush then Style := bsVertical
else if Sender = FDiagonalBrush then Style := bsFDiagonal
else if Sender = BDiagonalBrush then Style := bsBDiagonal
else if Sender = CrossBrush then Style := bsCross
else if Sender = DiagCrossBrush then Style := bsDiagCross;
end;
procedure TForm1.SetPenStyle(Sender: TObject);
begin
with Image.Canvas.Pen do
begin
if Sender = SolidPen then Style := psSolid
else if Sender = DashPen then Style := psDash
else if Sender = DotPen then Style := psDot
else if Sender = DashDotPen then Style := psDashDot
else if Sender = DashDotDotPen then Style := psDashDotDot
else if Sender = ClearPen then Style := psClear;
end;
end;