问题描述

service利用注解注入，会空指针异常。而用getBean方式则可以获取到service。

spring配置文件如下：

<?xml version=""1.0"" encoding=""UTF-8""?>
xmlns:context=""http://www.springframework.org/schema/context""
xmlns:xsi=""http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance""
xsi:schemaLocation=""http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"">

<bean id=""placeholderProperties""    class=""org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"">    <property name=""locations"">        <list>            <value>classpath:conf/config.properties</value>        </list>    </property>    <property name=""fileEncoding"" value=""utf-8"" /></bean><import resource=""spring-hibernate.xml"" /><!-- Import basic SpringMVC Resteasy integration -->  <import resource=""classpath:springmvc-resteasy.xml"" /><!-- 扫描文件 --><context:component-scan base-package=""com.sinopec.carlife"" />

service接口如下：

package com.sinopec.carlife.service.api;

import java.util.List;

import javax.ws.rs.Consumes;
import javax.ws.rs.POST;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.Produces;
import javax.ws.rs.core.MediaType;

import com.sinopec.carlife.model.Region;

@Path(""/regions"")
@Consumes({MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
@Produces({MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON})
public interface RegionService {

/** * 获取所有城市 * @return * @throws Exception */@POST@Path(""/all"")public List<Region> findRegions() throws Exception;

}

service实现类如下：

package com.sinopec.carlife.service.impl;

import java.util.List;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import com.sinopec.carlife.dao.RegionDAO;
import com.sinopec.carlife.model.Region;
import com.sinopec.carlife.service.api.RegionService;

@Service(""regionService"")
public class RegionServiceImpl implements RegionService {

@Autowiredprivate RegionDAO regionDAO;@Overridepublic List<Region> findRegions() throws Exception {    return regionDAO.findRegions();}

}

junit测试如下：

package test.com.sinopec.carlife;

import java.util.List;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

import org.junit.Test;

import com.sinopec.carlife.model.Region;
import com.sinopec.carlife.service.api.RegionService;

public class RegionServiceTest extends TestCase {

@Resource(name=""regionService"")private RegionService regionService;@Testpublic void testFindRegions() {    try {        /*ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(""classpath:spring/spring.xml"");        regionService = (RegionService) context.getBean(""regionService"");*/        List<Region> regions = regionService.findRegions();        System.out.println(regions.size());    } catch (Exception e) {        e.printStackTrace();    }}

}

解决方案

因为你的注解是spring容器解析的，要想让注解能够生效的话是需要spring容器启动的，这就是web项目启动环境下使用的。
你在junit里面测试，要想让Spring容器管理bean完成自动注入的话，可以使用Spring的junit测试工具注解。试试使用如下代码：

 import java.util.List;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;import org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfiguration;import javax.annotation.Resource;import junit.framework.TestCase;import com.sinopec.carlife.model.Region;import com.sinopec.carlife.service.api.RegionService;@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)@ContextConfiguration(locations ={""classpath:spring/spring.xml""})@Transactionalpublic class RegionServiceTest extends TestCase {@Resource(name=""regionService"")private RegionService regionService;@Testpublic void testFindRegions() {    try {        List<Region> regions = regionService.findRegions();        System.out.println(regions.size());    } catch (Exception e) {        e.printStackTrace();    }}

这样就能使用spring自动为junit单元测试自动注入依赖了。

解决方案二：
tomcat没启动，怎么加载配置？
用main方法测试，当然只能手动加载啦