使用OpenApi弹性管理云服务器ECS

阿里云的云服务器ECS除了提供控制台来进行日常的管理和资源创建，还提供了OpenApi来进行资源的管理和定制开发。通过OpenApi您可以更加灵活的管理和配置云服务器。

阿里云提供了SDK来包装OpenApi，可以让您将云服务器的管理集成到您的已有系统中。本文以Python的开发来说明OpenApi如何来管理云服务器，即便您没有Python的开发经验，通过本文也可以轻松的0基础入门进行云服务的开发。其它语言的开发和管理您可以通过留言沟通。

安装ECS Python SDK

首先确保您已经具备Python的Runtime，本文中使用的Python版本为2.7+。

pip install aliyun-python-sdk-ecs

如果提示您没有权限，请切换sudo 继续执行。

sudo pip install aliyun-python-sdk-ecs

本文使用的sdk版本为2.1.2, 如果您使用是旧版本的sdk，建议你更新下。

Hello Aliyun ECS

我们首先创建一个文件hello_ecs_api.py. 为了使用SDK，首先实例化 AcsClient对象，这里需要输入的是您的阿里云在Accesskey和Accesskey Secrect，你可以通过https://ak-console.aliyun.com/ 获取自己的AK。

Access Key ID和Access Key Secret是您访问阿里云API的密钥，具有该账户完全的权限，请您妥善保管。。

from aliyunsdkcore import client
from aliyunsdkecs.request.v20140526.DescribeInstancesRequest import DescribeInstancesRequest
from aliyunsdkecs.request.v20140526.DescribeRegionsRequest import DescribeRegionsRequest

clt = client.AcsClient('Your Access Key Id', 'Your Access Key Secrect', 'cn-beijing')

完成了实例化之后就可以进行您的第一个应用的开发。做一个简单的查询查询下当前您的账号支持的地域列表。具体的文档参见查询可用地域列表.

def hello_aliyun_regions():
    request = DescribeRegionsRequest()
    response = _send_request(request)
    region_list = response.get('Regions').get('Region')
    assert response is not None
    assert region_list is not None
    result = map(_print_region_id, region_list)
    logging.info("region list: %s", result)

def _print_region_id(item):
    region_id = item.get("RegionId")
    return region_id

def _send_request(request):
    request.set_accept_format('json')
    try:
        response_str = clt.do_action(request)
        logging.info(response_str)
        response_detail = json.loads(response_str)
        return response_detail
    except Exception as e:
        logging.error(e)

hello_aliyun_regions()

在命令行运行python hello_ecs_api.py会得到当前的支持的Region列表。类似的输出如下

[u'cn-shenzhen', u'ap-southeast-1', u'cn-qingdao', u'cn-beijing', u'cn-shanghai', u'us-east-1', u'cn-hongkong', u'me-east-1', u'ap-southeast-2', u'cn-hangzhou', u'eu-central-1', u'ap-northeast-1', u'us-west-1']

查询当前的Region下的ECS实例列表

查询实例列表和查询Region列表非常类似，替换入参对象为DescribeInstancesRequest即可，更多的查询参数参考查询实例列表

def list_instances():
    request = DescribeInstancesRequest()
    response = _send_request(request)
    if response is not None:
        instance_list = response.get('Instances').get('Instance')
        result = map(_print_instance_id, instance_list)
        logging.info("current region include instance %s", result)

def _print_instance_id(item):
    instance_id = item.get('InstanceId');
    return instance_id

输出结果为如下

current region include instance [u'i-', u'i-'']

更多的API参考ECS API 概览，尝试做一个查询磁盘列表。将实例的参数替换为DescribeDisksRequest。

下一步

完成了上面的任务之后我们下一步将包含新的任务。下面的内容将持续更新，敬请关注：

• API资源创建
• 资源管理-TAG分组
• API续费和设置自动续费
• API资源释放和设置自动释放时间

全部的代码如下

#  coding=utf-8

# if the python sdk is not install using 'sudo pip install aliyun-python-sdk-ecs'
# if the python sdk is install using 'sudo pip install --upgrade aliyun-python-sdk-ecs'
# make sure the sdk version is 2.1.2, you can use command 'pip show aliyun-python-sdk-ecs' to check

import json
import logging

from aliyunsdkcore import client
from aliyunsdkecs.request.v20140526.DescribeInstancesRequest import DescribeInstancesRequest
from aliyunsdkecs.request.v20140526.DescribeRegionsRequest import DescribeRegionsRequest

# configuration the log output formatter, if you want to save the output to file,
# append ",filename='ecs_invoke.log'" after datefmt.
logging.basicConfig(level=logging.INFO,
                    format='%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)s',
                    datefmt='%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S')

clt = client.AcsClient('Your Access Key Id', 'Your Access Key Secrect', 'cn-beijing')

# sample api to list aliyun open api.
def hello_aliyun_regions():
    request = DescribeRegionsRequest()
    response = _send_request(request)
    if response is not None:
        region_list = response.get('Regions').get('Region')
        assert response is not None
        assert region_list is not None
        result = map(_print_region_id, region_list)
        logging.info("region list: %s", result)

# output the instance owned in current region.
def list_instances():
    request = DescribeInstancesRequest()
    response = _send_request(request)
    if response is not None:
        instance_list = response.get('Instances').get('Instance')
        result = map(_print_instance_id, instance_list)
        logging.info("current region include instance %s", result)

def _print_instance_id(item):
    instance_id = item.get('InstanceId');
    return instance_id

def _print_region_id(item):
    region_id = item.get("RegionId")
    return region_id

# send open api request
def _send_request(request):
    request.set_accept_format('json')
    try:
        response_str = clt.do_action(request)
        logging.info(response_str)
        response_detail = json.loads(response_str)
        return response_detail
    except Exception as e:
        logging.error(e)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    logging.info("Hello Aliyun OpenApi!")
    hello_aliyun_regions()
    list_instances()