说明
本文所使用的是ubuntu操作系统，或许和其他版本的linux系统存在一定的区别。
实验环境
ubuntu 16.4
安装
$ sudo apt-get install vsftpd
检测端口
$ sudo netstat -npltu | grep 21
成功结果：
tcp6 0 0 :::21 :::* LISTEN 885/vsftpd
提示：若未出现此结果，则说明你的21端口未打开。默认情况是不需要修改的
接测安装是否成功
$ ftp localhost
输入用户名和密码即可登入（不可输入root用户 默认的拦截root用户的）
修改配置
$ sudo gedit /etc/vsftpd.conf
具体的配置需要根据自己来选择
listen=<YES/NO> :设置为YES时vsftpd以独立运行方式启动，设置为NO时以xinetd方式启动（xinetd是管理守护进程的，将服务集中管理，可以减少大量服务的资源消耗）
listen_port=<port> :设置控制连接的监听端口号，默认为21
listen_address=<ip address> :将在绑定到指定IP地址运行，适合多网卡
connect_from_port_20=<YES/NO> :若为YES，则强迫FTP－DATA的数据传送使用port 20，默认YES
pasv_enable=<YES/NO> :是否使用被动模式的数据连接，如果客户机在防火墙后，请开启为YES
pasv_min_port=<n>
pasv_max_port=<m> :设置被动模式后的数据连接端口范围在n和m之间,建议为50000－60000端口
message_file=<filename> :设置使用者进入某个目录时显示的文件内容，默认为 .message
dirmessage_enable=<YES/NO> :设置使用者进入某个目录时是否显示由message_file指定的文件内容
ftpd_banner=<message> :设置用户连接服务器后的显示信息，就是欢迎信息
banner_file=<filename> :设置用户连接服务器后的显示信息存放在指定的filename文件中
connect_timeout=<n> :如果客户机连接服务器超过N秒，则强制断线，默认60
accept_timeout=<n> :当使用者以被动模式进行数据传输时，服务器发出passive port指令等待客户机超过N秒，则强制断线，默认60
accept_connection_timeout=<n> :设置空闲的数据连接在N秒后中断，默认120
data_connection_timeout=<n> : 设置空闲的用户会话在N秒后中断，默认300
max_clients=<n> : 在独立启动时限制服务器的连接数，0表示无限制
max_per_ip=<n> :在独立启动时限制客户机每IP的连接数，0表示无限制（不知道是否跟多线程下载有没干系）
local_enable=<YES/NO> :设置是否支持本地用户帐号访问
guest_enable=<YES/NO> :设置是否支持虚拟用户帐号访问
write_enable=<YES/NO> :是否开放本地用户的写权限
local_umask=<nnn> :设置本地用户上传的文件的生成掩码，默认为077
local_max_rate<n> :设置本地用户最大的传输速率，单位为bytes/sec，值为0表示不限制
local_root=<file> :设置本地用户登陆后的目录，默认为本地用户的主目录
chroot_local_user=<YES/NO> :当为YES时，所有本地用户可以执行chroot
chroot_list_enable=<YES/NO>
chroot_list_file=<filename> :当chroot_local_user=NO 且 chroot_list_enable=YES时，只有filename文件指定的用户可以执行chroot
anonymous_enable=<YES/NO> :设置是否支持匿名用户访问
anon_max_rate=<n> :设置匿名用户的最大传输速率，单位为B/s，值为0表示不限制
anon_world_readable_only=<YES/NO> 是否开放匿名用户的浏览权限
anon_upload_enable=<YES/NO> 设置是否允许匿名用户上传
anon_mkdir_write_enable=<YES/NO> :设置是否允许匿名用户创建目录
anon_other_write_enable=<YES/NO> :设置是否允许匿名用户其他的写权限（注意，这个在安全上比较重要，一般不建议开，不过关闭会不支持续传）
anon_umask=<nnn> :设置匿名用户上传的文件的生成掩码，默认为077
提示
一般只需要设置如下内容
允许匿名访问
Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default)
anonymous_enable=YES
上传文件
write_enable=YES
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
anon_upload_enable=YES
权限设置
local_umask=022
等同于权限755（即777-022）
配置禁止用户
sudo vim /etc/ftpusers
去掉你想登录的账户
个人配置（仅供参考）
# Example config file /etc/vsftpd.conf
#
# The default compiled in settings are fairly paranoid. This sample file
# loosens things up a bit, to make the ftp daemon more usable.
# Please see vsftpd.conf.5 for all compiled in defaults.
#
# READ THIS: This example file is NOT an exhaustive list of vsftpd options.
# Please read the vsftpd.conf.5 manual page to get a full idea of vsftpd's
# capabilities.
#
#
# Run standalone? vsftpd can run either from an inetd or as a standalone
# daemon started from an initscript.
listen=NO
#
# This directive enables listening on IPv6 sockets. By default, listening
# on the IPv6 "any" address (::) will accept connections from both IPv6
# and IPv4 clients. It is not necessary to listen on *both* IPv4 and IPv6
# sockets. If you want that (perhaps because you want to listen on specific
# addresses) then you must run two copies of vsftpd with two configuration
# files.
listen_ipv6=YES
#
# Allow anonymous FTP? (Disabled by default).
anonymous_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to allow local users to log in.
local_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this to enable any form of FTP write command.
write_enable=YES
#
# Default umask for local users is 077. You may wish to change this to 022,
# if your users expect that (022 is used by most other ftpd's)
local_umask=022
#
# Uncomment this to allow the anonymous FTP user to upload files. This only
# has an effect if the above global write enable is activated. Also, you will
#obviously need to create a directory writable by the FTP user.
anon_upload_enable=YES
#
# Uncomment this if you want the anonymous FTP user to be able to create
# new directories.
anon_mkdir_write_enable=YES
#
# Activate directory messages - messages given to remote users when they
# go into a certain directory.
dirmessage_enable=YES
#
# If enabled, vsftpd will display directory listings with the time
# in your local time zone. The default is to display GMT. The
# times returned by the MDTM FTP command are also affected by this
# option.
use_localtime=YES
#
# Activate logging of uploads/downloads.
xferlog_enable=YES
#
# Make sure PORT transfer connections originate from port 20 (ftp-data).
connect_from_port_20=YES
#
# If you want, you can arrange for uploaded anonymous files to be owned by
# a different user. Note! Using "root" for uploaded files is not
# recommended!
#chown_uploads=YES
#chown_username=whoever
#
# You may override where the log file goes if you like. The default is shown
# below.
#xferlog_file=/var/log/vsftpd.log
#
# If you want, you can have your log file in standard ftpd xferlog format.
# Note that the default log file location is /var/log/xferlog in this case.
#xferlog_std_format=YES
#
# You may change the default value for timing out an idle session.
#idle_session_timeout=600
#
# You may change the default value for timing out a data connection.
#data_connection_timeout=120
#
# It is recommended that you define on your system a unique user which the
# ftp server can use as a totally isolated and unprivileged user.
#nopriv_user=ftpsecure
#
# Enable this and the server will recognise asynchronous ABOR requests. Not
# recommended for security (the code is non-trivial). Not enabling it,
# however, may confuse older FTP clients.
#async_abor_enable=YES
#
# By default the server will pretend to allow ASCII mode but in fact ignore
# the request. Turn on the below options to have the server actually do ASCII
# mangling on files when in ASCII mode.
# Beware that on some FTP servers, ASCII support allows a denial of service
# attack (DoS) via the command "SIZE /big/file" in ASCII mode. vsftpd
# predicted this attack and has always been safe, reporting the size of the
# raw file.
# ASCII mangling is a horrible feature of the protocol.
ascii_upload_enable=YES
ascii_download_enable=YES
#
# You may fully customise the login banner string:
ftpd_banner=Welcome to engle's computer!
#
# You may specify a file of disallowed anonymous e-mail addresses. Apparently
# useful for combatting certain DoS attacks.
#deny_email_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#banned_email_file=/etc/vsftpd.banned_emails
#
# You may restrict local users to their home directories. See the FAQ for
# the possible risks in this before using chroot_local_user or
# chroot_list_enable below.
#chroot_local_user=YES
#
# You may specify an explicit list of local users to chroot() to their home
# directory. If chroot_local_user is YES, then this list becomes a list of
# users to NOT chroot().
# (Warning! chroot'ing can be very dangerous. If using chroot, make sure that
# the user does not have write access to the top level directory within the
# chroot)
#chroot_local_user=YES
#chroot_list_enable=YES
# (default follows)
#chroot_list_file=/etc/vsftpd.chroot_list
#
# You may activate the "-R" option to the builtin ls. This is disabled by
# default to avoid remote users being able to cause excessive I/O on large
# sites. However, some broken FTP clients such as "ncftp" and "mirror" assume
# the presence of the "-R" option, so there is a strong case for enabling it.
#ls_recurse_enable=YES
#
# Customization
#
# Some of vsftpd's settings don't fit the filesystem layout by
# default.
#
# This option should be the name of a directory which is empty. Also, the
# directory should not be writable by the ftp user. This directory is used
# as a secure chroot() jail at times vsftpd does not require filesystem
# access.
secure_chroot_dir=/var/run/vsftpd/empty
#
# This string is the name of the PAM service vsftpd will use.
pam_service_name=vsftpd
#
# This option specifies the location of the RSA certificate to use for SSL
# encrypted connections.
rsa_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
rsa_private_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
ssl_enable=NO
#
# Uncomment this to indicate that vsftpd use a utf8 filesystem.
#utf8_filesystem=YES本人的配置能用于上传和下载。如想实现更多细节功能可以自行参照说明配置
时间： 2024-11-05 18:57:17