Python multiprocessing WHY and HOW

I am working on a Python script which will migrate data from one database to another. In a simple way, I need selectfrom a database and then insert into another.
In the first version, I designed to use multithreading, just because I am more familiar with it than multiprocessing. But after fewer month, I found several problems in my workaround.

• can only use one of 24 cpus in case of GIL
• can not handle singal for each thread. I want to use a simple timeout decarator, to set a signal.SIGALRM for a specified function. But for multithreading, the signal will get caught by a random thread.

So I start to refactor to multiprocessing.

multiprocessing

multiprocessing is a package that supports spawning processes using an API similar to the threading module.

But it's not so elegant and sweet as it described.

multiprocessing.pool

from multiprocessing import Pool

def f(x):
    return x*x

if __name__ == '__main__':
    p = Pool(5)
    print(p.map(func=f, [1, 2, 3]))

It looks like a good solution, but we can not set a bound function as a target func. Because bound function can not be serialized in pickle. And multithreading.pool use pickle to serialize object and send to new processes.pathos.multiprocessing is a good instead. It uses dill as an instead of pickle to give better serialization.

share memory

Memory in multithreading is shared naturally. In a multiprocessing environment, there are some wrappers to wrap a sharing object.

• multiprocessing.Value and multiprocessing.Array is the most simple way to share Objects between two processes. But it can only contain ctype Objects.
• multiprocessing.Queue is very useful and use an API similar to Queue.Queue

Python and GCC version

I didn't know that even the GCC version will affect behavior of my code. On my centos5 os, same Python version with different GCC version will have different behaviors.

Python 2.7.2 (default, Jan 10 2012, 11:17:45)
[GCC 3.4.6 20060404 (Red Hat 3.4.6-11)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from multiprocessing.queues import JoinableQueue
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/oracle/dbapython/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/queues.py", line 48, in <module>
    from multiprocessing.synchronize import Lock, BoundedSemaphore, Semaphore, Condition
  File "/home/oracle/dbapython/lib/python2.7/multiprocessing/synchronize.py", line 59, in <module>
    " function, see issue 3770.")
ImportError: This platform lacks a functioning sem_open implementation, therefore, the required synchronization primitives needed will not function, see issue 3770.

Python 2.7.2 (default, Oct 15 2013, 13:15:26)
[GCC 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-46)] on linux2
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> from multiprocessing.queues import JoinableQueue
>>>