数据存储之归档

在使用plist进行数据存储和读取，只适用于系统自带的一些常用类型才能用，且必须先获取路径相对麻烦；

偏好设置（将所有的东西都保存在同一个文件夹下面，且主要用于存储应用的设置信息）

归档：因为前两者都有一个致命的缺陷，只能存储常用的类型。归档可以实现把自定义的对象存放在文件中。

代码演示

先看下项目的结构  Student类继承Person类

在ViewController.m中

//
//  ViewController.m
//  Archive
//
//  Created by City--Online on 15/4/22.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 CYW. All rights reserved.
//

#import "ViewController.h"
#import "Student.h"

@interface ViewController ()

@end

@implementation ViewController

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];

    NSArray *documents=NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
    NSString *documentpath=[documents firstObject];
//    NSLog(@"%@",documentpath);
    NSString *filePath=[documentpath stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"CYW"];

//使用archiveRootObject简单归档 单个对象
    //缺点:只能把一个对象归档到一个文件
#if 0
    NSArray *arr=[[NSArray alloc]initWithObjects:@"1",@"2",@"3", nil];
    //归档 //可对字典、数组、字符串、数字等进行归档 返回bool值表示是否归档成功
    [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:arr toFile:filePath];
#endif
#if 0
    //解挡
    NSArray *arr=[NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:filePath];
    NSLog(@"%@",arr);
#endif

     //多个对象归档
#if 0
    //准备数据
    CGPoint point=CGPointMake(100, 100);
    NSString *mystring=@"cuiyanwei";
    BOOL YesOrNo=YES;
    //归档
    NSMutableData *mutableData=[[NSMutableData alloc]init];
    NSKeyedArchiver *archiver=[[NSKeyedArchiver alloc]initForWritingWithMutableData:mutableData];

    [archiver encodeCGPoint:point forKey:@"mypoint"];
    [archiver encodeBool:YesOrNo forKey:@"mybool"];
    [archiver encodeObject:mystring forKey:@"mystring"];
    [archiver finishEncoding];
    [mutableData writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];
#endif
#if 0
    //多对象解档
    NSMutableData *mutableData=[[NSMutableData alloc]initWithContentsOfFile:filePath];
    NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver=[[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc]initForReadingWithData:mutableData];
    CGPoint point=[unarchiver decodeCGPointForKey:@"mypoint"];
    BOOL mybool=[unarchiver decodeBoolForKey:@"mybool"];
    NSString *mystring=[unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"mystring"];
    [unarchiver finishDecoding];
    NSLog(@"X=%lf,Y=%lf\n mybool=%d\n mystring=%@",point.x,point.y,mybool,mystring);
    UIImage
#endif

#if 0
    //自定义对象归档
    Student *stu1=[[Student alloc]init];
    stu1.name=@"cuiyanwei";
    stu1.age=24;
    stu1.photo=[UIImage imageNamed:@"email.png"];
    stu1.stuId=@"001";

    Student *stu2=[[Student alloc]init];
    stu2.name=@"xiaocui";
    stu2.age=23;
    stu2.photo=[UIImage imageNamed:@"email.png"];
    stu2.stuId=@"002";

    //归档
    NSArray *array=[[NSArray alloc]initWithObjects:stu1,stu2, nil];
    NSMutableData *mutableData=[[NSMutableData alloc]init];
    NSKeyedArchiver *archiver=[[NSKeyedArchiver alloc]initForWritingWithMutableData:mutableData];
    [archiver encodeObject:array forKey:@"students"];
    [archiver finishEncoding];
    [mutableData writeToFile:filePath atomically:YES];
#endif
#if 1
    //解档
    NSMutableData *mutableData=[[NSMutableData alloc]initWithContentsOfFile:filePath];
    NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver=[[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc]initForReadingWithData:mutableData];
    NSArray *array=[unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"students"];
    for (Student *stu in array) {
        NSLog(@"name=%@ age=%ld photo=%@ stuId=%@",stu.name,stu.age,stu.photo,stu.stuId);
    }
#endif

}

- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {
    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];
    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.
}

@end

在Person.h中定义了几个属性

//
//  Person.h
//  Archive
//
//  Created by City--Online on 15/4/22.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 CYW. All rights reserved.
//

#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
//头像要添加框架在类中
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>

//自定义保存到文件需要实现NSCoding协议
@interface Person : NSObject<NSCoding>

@property(nonatomic,strong)NSString *name;
@property(nonatomic,assign)NSInteger age;
@property(nonatomic,strong)UIImage *photo;

@end

在Person.m中实现NSCoding协议

//
//  Person.m
//  Archive
//
//  Created by City--Online on 15/4/22.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 CYW. All rights reserved.
//

#import "Person.h"

@implementation Person

- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder
{
     NSLog(@"person encodeWithCoder");
    [aCoder encodeObject:self.name forKey:@"name"];
    [aCoder encodeInteger:self.age forKey:@"age"];
    [aCoder encodeObject:self.photo forKey:@"photo"];
}
- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder
{
    if (self=[super init]) {
         NSLog(@"person encodeWithCoder");
        _age=[aDecoder decodeIntegerForKey:@"age"];
        _name=[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"name"];
        _photo=[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"photo"];
    }
    return self;
}
@end

 在Student类中继承Person类 增加了一个学号属性

#import "Person.h"

@interface Student : Person
@property(nonatomic,strong)NSString *stuId;
@end

 在Student.m中实现了NSCodeing协议

//
//  Student.m
//  Archive
//
//  Created by City--Online on 15/4/22.
//  Copyright (c) 2015年 CYW. All rights reserved.
//

#import "Student.h"

@implementation Student
- (void)encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder
{
    [super encodeWithCoder:aCoder];
    NSLog(@"student encodeWithCoder");
    [aCoder encodeObject:self.stuId forKey:@"stuId"];

}
- (id)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder
{
    if (self=[super initWithCoder:aDecoder]) {
        NSLog(@"student initWithCoder");
        _stuId=[aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"stuId"];
    }
    return self;
}
@end

 自定义模型对象归档解档运行结果如下：

主要是实现NSCoding协议