mysql
准备环境:
1.j2sdk-1_4_2-windows-i586.exe
//jdk
2.mysql-4.0.20d-win.zip
//mysql数据库
3.mysqlcc-0.9.4-win32.zip
//mysqlGUI控制
4.jakarta-tomcat-5.0.27.exe
//tomcat服务器
5.mysql-connector-java-3.0.14-production.zip
//内含mysql驱动
安装步骤:
1.安装jdk
2.安装tomcat
3.安装mysql
4.安装mysqlcc
5.将驱动包解压,拷贝mysql-connector-java-3.0.14-production-bin.jar
到tomcat/common/lib下
或者下载mm.mysql-2.0.14-you-must-unjar-me.jar，
解压后拷贝其中的mm.mysql-2.0.14-bin.jar
Tomcat5.0配置 本例使用安装密码 198277
1.配置manager 管理应用程序
在conf/server.xml 中
添加如下：
<Service name="Catalina">... <Context path="/manager" debug="0" privileged="true" docBase="/usr/local/kinetic /tomcat5/server/webapps/manager"> </Context></Service> |
限制IP访问配置
<Context path="/manager" debug="0" privileged="true" docBase="/usr/local/kinetic /tomcat5/server/webapps/manager"> <Valve className="org.apache. catalina.valves.RemoteAddrValve" allow="127.0.0.1"/></Context> |
测试为:http://localhost:8080/manager/html
2、配置JDBCRealm容器管理安全,以mysql-4.0数据库为例
a.拷贝驱动mm.mysql-2.0.14-bin.jar到common/lib/下
b.在数据库ycg中建表
create table users ( user_name varchar(15) not null primary key, user_pass varchar(15) not null);create table user_roles ( user_name varchar(15) not null, role_name varchar(15) not null, primary key (user_name, role_name)); |
c.修改server.xml如下(默认数据库为root,无密码,如果有形如:
connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost/authority?user=dbuser&password=dbpass") <Realm className="org.apache.catalina. realm.JDBCRealm" debug="99" driverName=" org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" connectionURL="jdbc:mysql: //localhost/ycg?user=root" connectionName="" connectionPassword="" userTable="users" userNameCol="user_name" userCredCol="user_pass" userRoleTable="user_roles" roleNameCol="role_name" /> |
d.在数据库中添加入tomcat的默认配置数据:
e.启动mysql,启动tomcat,此后tomcat将从数据库中读用户规则认证.默认的conf/tomcat-users.xml失效
3.DBCP的配置
a.设置
<parameter> <name>removeAbandoned</name> <value>true</value> </parameter> |
可使失效的数据连接重新启用.
配套设置
<parameter> <name>removeAbandonedTimeout</name> <value>60</value> </parameter> |
失效时间
如果要写入日志
设置
<parameter> <name>logAbandoned</name> <value>true</value> </parameter> |
以上三个默认都是false
b.以mysql为例,配置数据连接池
c.配置新的用户与数据库,必须设定密码,空密码将导致连接失败
e.
指定root密码:
mysqladmin -u root -h localhost password "198277" |
(需修改上面的jdbcrealm设置connectionURL="jdbc:mysql://localhost/ycg?user=root&password=198277")
命令mysql进入匿名连接到服务器
密码访问
shell> mysql -h host -u user -pEnter password: ********//如果root没有密码,以下是不成功的.(试过了) mysql> GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO javauser@localhost -> IDENTIFIED BY 'javadude' WITH GRANT OPTION;mysql> create database javatest;mysql> use javatest;mysql> create table testdata( -> id int not null auto_increment primary key, -> foo varchar(25), -> bar int);在conf/server.xml中<host></host>中添加<Context path="/DBTest" docBase="DBTest" debug="5" reloadable="true" crossContext="true"> <Logger className="org.apache. catalina.logger.FileLogger" prefix="localhost_DBTest_log." suffix=".txt" timestamp="true"/> <Resource name="jdbc/TestDB" auth="Container" type="javax.sql.DataSource"/> <ResourceParams name="jdbc/TestDB"> <parameter> <name>factory</name> <value>org.apache.commons.dbcp. BasicDataSourceFactory</value> </parameter> <!-- Maximum number of dB connections in pool. Make sure you configure your mysqld max_connections large enough to handle all of your db connections. Set to 0 for no limit. --> <parameter> <name>maxActive</name> <value>100</value> </parameter> <!-- Maximum number of idle dB connections to retain in pool. Set to 0 for no limit. --> <parameter> <name>maxIdle</name> <value>30</value> </parameter> <!-- Maximum time to wait for a dB connection to become available in ms, in this example 10 seconds. An Exception is thrown if this timeout is exceeded. Set to -1 to wait indefinitely. --> <parameter> <name>maxWait</name> <value>10000</value> </parameter> <!-- MySQL dB username and password for dB connections --> <parameter> <name>username</name> <value>javauser</value> </parameter> <parameter> <name>password</name> <value>javadude</value> </parameter> <!-- Class name for the old mm. mysql JDBC driver - uncomment this entry and comment next if you want to use this driver - we recommend using Connector/J though <parameter> <name>driverClassName</name> <value>org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver</value> </parameter> --> <!-- Class name for the official MySQL Connector/J driver --> <parameter> <name>driverClassName</name> <value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value> </parameter> <!-- The JDBC connection url for connecting to your MySQL dB. The autoReconnect=true argument to the url makes sure that the mm.mysql JDBC Driver will automatically reconnect if mysqld closed the connection. mysqld by default closes idle connections after 8 hours. --> <parameter> <name>url</name> <value>jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306 /javatest?autoReconnect=true</value> </parameter> <parameter> <name>removeAbandoned</name> <value>true</value> </parameter> <parameter> <name>removeAbandonedTimeout</name> <value>60</value> </parameter> <parameter> <name>logAbandoned</name> <value>true</value> </parameter> </ResourceParams></Context> |
f.在web服务中调用.配置web.xml 如:
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2eehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4"> <description>MySQL Test App</description> <resource-ref> <description>DB Connection</description> <res-ref-name>jdbc/TestDB</res-ref-name> <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type> <res-auth>Container</res-auth> </resource-ref></web-app> |
g.测试用test.jsp
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql"prefix="sql" %><%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"prefix="c" %><sql:query var="rs"dataSource="jdbc/TestDB">select id, foo, bar from testdata</sql:query><html> <head> <title>DB Test</title> </head> <body> <h2>Results</h2> <c:forEach var="row" items="${rs.rows}"> Foo ${row.foo}<br/> Bar ${row.bar}<br/></c:forEach> </body></html>
|
h.新建web应用
下载jakarta-taglibs-standard-1.1.0
copy jstl.jar and standard.jar to your web app's WEB-INF/lib
DBTest/ WEB-INF/ web.xml lib/ jstl.jar standard.jar test.jsp |
拷贝到webapps/ 下
i.启动mysql,tomcat
访问:
http://localhost:8080/DBTest/test.jsp
显示:
ResultsFoo helloBar 12345 |
4.ssl的配置,以jdk1.4.2为例
a.进入%JAVA_HOME%\bin
运行命令:keytool -genkey -alias tomcat -keyalg RSA
以tomcat 安装密码为198277,ketool设置密码为198277为例
输入keystore密码： 198277
您的名字与姓氏是什么？
[Unknown]： ycg
您的组织单位名称是什么？
[Unknown]： nju
您的组织名称是什么？
[Unknown]： nju
您所在的城市或区域名称是什么？
[Unknown]： nanjing
您所在的州或省份名称是什么？
[Unknown]： jiangsu
该单位的两字母国家代码是什么
[Unknown]： nd
CN=ycg, OU=nju, O=nju, L=nanjing, ST=jiangsu, C=nd 正确吗？
[否]： y
输入的主密码
（如果和 keystore 密码相同，按回车）： 198277
b.在你的D:\Documents and Settings\的当前用户目录下可以找到.keystore文件.将其拷贝到conf/文件夹下.
c.在server.xml 中找到
<!-- <Connector port="8443" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads="25" maxSpareThreads="75" enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true" acceptCount="100" debug="0" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" /> --> |
去掉注释
添加配置字段:keystoreFile="/conf/.keystore" keystorePass="198277"
如:
<Connector port="8443" maxThreads="150" minSpareThreads= "25" maxSpareThreads="75" enableLookups="false" disableUploadTimeout="true" acceptCount="100" debug="0" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" keystoreFile="/conf/.keystore" keystorePass="198277"/> |
d.测试为:
https://localhost:8443
e.在自己的程序中添加ssl认证方式为:
在web.xml 中添加
<security-constraint><web-resource-collection><web-resource-name>Success</web-resource-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern><http-method>GET</http-method><http-method>POST</http-method></web-resource-collection><user-data-constraint><transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee></user-data-constraint></security-constraint> |
f.用上提为例就是
修改web.xml 为
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2eehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4"> <description>MySQL Test App</description><security-constraint><web-resource-collection><web-resource-name>Success</web-resource-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern><http-method>GET</http-method><http-method>POST</http-method></web-resource-collection><user-data-constraint><transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee></user-data-constraint></security-constraint> <resource-ref> <description>DB Connection</description> <res-ref-name>jdbc/TestDB</res-ref-name> <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type> <res-auth>Container</res-auth> </resource-ref></web-app> |
访问:
https://localhost:8443/DBTest/test.jsp
g.如果与2配置的jdbcRealm结合起来进行表单认证
先在user_roles表中添加user_name:ycg role_name:web-user
在users表中添加user_name:ycg user_pass:198277
然后在web.xml中添加
<auth-constraint><role-name>web-user</role-name></auth-constraint><login-config> <auth-method>BASIC</auth-method> <realm-name>My Member Area</realm-name></login-config> |
修改后的web.xml如:
<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2eehttp://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4"> <description>MySQL Test App</description><security-constraint><web-resource-collection><web-resource-name>Success</web-resource-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern><http-method>GET</http-method><http-method>POST</http-method></web-resource-collection><auth-constraint><role-name>web-user</role-name></auth-constraint><user-data-constraint><transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee></user-data-constraint></security-constraint><login-config> <auth-method>BASIC</auth-method> <realm-name>My Member Area</realm-name></login-config> <resource-ref> <description>DB Connection</description> <res-ref-name>jdbc/TestDB</res-ref-name> <res-type>javax.sql.DataSource</res-type> <res-auth>Container</res-auth> </resource-ref></web-app> |
测试:
http://localhost:8080/DBTest/test.jsp
将通过ssl连接,并进行表单认证.用户密码可在user_roles,和users中添加.
5.中文乱码问题:
mysql 默认编码 iso
tomcat request 传输编码 iso
如果要显示中文
在*.jsp中添加
<head><%@ page language="java"contentType="text/html;charset=GB18030"pageEncoding="GB18030"%></head> |
如果是数据传输中的乱码(如用servlet从mysql数据库读出的数据)用以下两个转码函数转码，如果不清楚由哪种编码转成哪种编码，就多尝试。
//转码GBK转ISO public String toISO(String input) { try { byte[] bytes = input.getBytes("GBK"); return new String(bytes,"ISO8859-1"); }catch(Exception ex) { } return input; } //转码IS0转GBK public String toGBK(String input) { try { byte[] bytes = input.getBytes("ISO8859-1"); return new String(bytes,"GBK"); }catch(Exception ex) { } return input; }
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